Body image and well-being in dance practitioners: an exploratory study <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Imagen corporal y bienestar en los practicantes de danza: un estudio exploratorio </span> <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Imagem corporal e bem-estar em praticantes de dança: um estudo exploratório </span>

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Literature has been concerned with the effect of dance practice on several variables, namely well-being and body image (BI). This study aimed to analyse the perception of dance practitioners on BI and subjective well-being (positive and negative affect and satisfaction with life), comparing adolescents and adults. A sample of 91 dancers (18.08±5.12 years) was recruited and divided into two groups (adolescents 11-17 years; adults 18-34 years). The group of adolescents presented a higher perception of satisfaction with life compared to adults (p=0.041; d=-0.44). Regarding the relationships between variables, when analysing separately each group, in the group of adolescents the positive affect is related to satisfaction with life (r=0.64; p≤0.001) and negative affect (r=-0.32; p=0.026), while the negative affect is related to the hours of weekly practice (r=0.46; p=0.001). In the group of adults, positive affect is related to satisfaction with life (r=0.36; p=0.017) and weekly hours of practice (r=0.39; p=0.010), while negative affect is related satisfaction with life (r=-0.45; p=0.003). With regard to (dis)satisfaction with BI, we found that, in the group of adolescents, it is related to the years of practice (r=0.33; p=0.023) and the weekly hours of practice (r=0.32; p=0.023), while in the adults' group, satisfaction with life (r=-0.42; p=0.005) and negative affect (r=0.59; p≤0.001) are related. Our results leave some indicators that should be explored in future studies, namely seeking to understand the factors that may be mediating the relationship between BI and well-being, as well as the effect of age on this relationship.

Translated abstract

RESUMEN La literatura ha investigado el efecto de la práctica de la danza en variables como el bienestar y la imagen corporal (IC). El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la percepción de la IC y el bienestar subjetivo, comparando adolescentes y adultos. Se utilizó una muestra de 91 bailarines (18,08±5,12 años), divididos en dos grupos (adolescentes de 11 a 17 años; adultos de 18 a 34 años). Los resultados indican que el grupo de adolescentes tiene una mayor percepción de la satisfacción de la vida (p=0,041; d=0,44). En el grupo de adolescentes, el afecto positivo está relacionado con la satisfacción con la vida (r=0,64; p≤0,001) y el afecto negativo (r=0,32; p=0,026), mientras que el afecto negativo está relacionado con las horas de práctica semanales (r=0,46; p≤0,001). En los adultos, el afecto positivo está relacionado con la satisfacción de la vida (r=0,36; p=0,017) y las horas de práctica semanales (r=0,39; p=0,010), mientras que el afecto negativo está relacionado con la satisfacción de la vida (r=0,45; p=0,003). En cuanto a la (in)satisfacción con la IC, en el grupo de adolescentes, esto está relacionado con los años de práctica (r=0,33; p=0,023) y las horas de práctica semanal (r=0,32; p=0,023). En el grupo de adultos, la satisfacción de la vida (r=0,42; p=0,05) y el afecto negativo (r=0,59; p≤0,001) están relacionados. Nuestros datos parecen dejar indicadores para explorar en el futuro, buscando una comprensión de los factores que pueden estar mediando la relación entre la IC y el bienestar.

Translated abstract

RESUMO A literatura tem-se preocupado com o efeito da prática de dança em variáveis como o bem-estar e a imagem corporal (IC). O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a perceção de IC e de bem-estar subjetivo, comparando adolescentes e adultos. Recorreu-se a uma amostra de 91 dançarinos (18.08±5.12 anos), divididos em dois grupos (adolescentes 11-17 anos; adultos 18-34 anos). Os resultados indicam-nos que o grupo dos adolescentes apresenta uma perceção superior de satisfação com a vida comparativamente com os adultos (p=0.041; d=-0.44). Verificamos que no grupo dos adolescentes, o afeto positivo se relaciona com a satisfação com a vida (r=0.64; p≤0.001) e com o afeto negativo (r=-0.32; p=0.026), enquanto o afeto negativo se relaciona com as horas de prática semanal (r=0.46; p=0.001). Já nos adultos, o afeto positivo relaciona-se com a satisfação com a vida (r=0.36; p=0.017) e com as horas de prática semanal (r=0.39; p=0.010), enquanto o afeto negativo se relaciona com a satisfação com a vida (r=-0.45; p=0.003). No que se refere à (in)satisfação com a IC, no grupo dos adolescentes esta relaciona-se com os anos de prática (r=0.33; p=0.023) e as horas de prática semanal (r=0.32; p=0.023). No grupo dos adultos relaciona-se a satisfação com a vida (r=-0.42; p=0.005) e com o afeto negativo (r=0.59; p≤0.001). Os nossos dados parecem deixar indicadores a explorar no futuro, procurando a compreensão dos fatores que podem estar a mediar a relação entre a IC e o bem-estar, bem como, o efeito da idade nesta relação.

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Physical Activity and Public Health: Updated Recommendation for Adults From the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association

William L Haskell, I-Min Lee, Russell R. Pate … (2007)

In 1995 the American College of Sports Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published national guidelines on Physical Activity and Public Health. The Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the American Heart Association endorsed and supported these recommendations. The purpose of the present report is to update and clarify the 1995 recommendations on the types and amounts of physical activity needed by healthy adults to improve and maintain health. Development of this document was by an expert panel of scientists, including physicians, epidemiologists, exercise scientists, and public health specialists. This panel reviewed advances in pertinent physiologic, epidemiologic, and clinical scientific data, including primary research articles and reviews published since the original recommendation was issued in 1995. Issues considered by the panel included new scientific evidence relating physical activity to health, physical activity recommendations by various organizations in the interim, and communications issues. Key points related to updating the physical activity recommendation were outlined and writing groups were formed. A draft manuscript was prepared and circulated for review to the expert panel as well as to outside experts. Comments were integrated into the final recommendation. To promote and maintain health, all healthy adults aged 18 to 65 yr need moderate-intensity aerobic (endurance) physical activity for a minimum of 30 min on five days each week or vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity for a minimum of 20 min on three days each week. [I (A)] Combinations of moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity can be performed to meet this recommendation. [IIa (B)] For example, a person can meet the recommendation by walking briskly for 30 min twice during the week and then jogging for 20 min on two other days. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity, which is generally equivalent to a brisk walk and noticeably accelerates the heart rate, can be accumulated toward the 30-min minimum by performing bouts each lasting 10 or more minutes. [I (B)] Vigorous-intensity activity is exemplified by jogging, and causes rapid breathing and a substantial increase in heart rate. In addition, every adult should perform activities that maintain or increase muscular strength and endurance a minimum of two days each week. [IIa (A)] Because of the dose-response relation between physical activity and health, persons who wish to further improve their personal fitness, reduce their risk for chronic diseases and disabilities or prevent unhealthy weight gain may benefit by exceeding the minimum recommended amounts of physical activity. [I (A)]

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Effect size estimates: current use, calculations, and interpretation.

Catherine O Fritz, Peter Morris, Jennifer J. Richler (2012)

The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (American Psychological Association, 2001, American Psychological Association, 2010) calls for the reporting of effect sizes and their confidence intervals. Estimates of effect size are useful for determining the practical or theoretical importance of an effect, the relative contributions of factors, and the power of an analysis. We surveyed articles published in 2009 and 2010 in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, noting the statistical analyses reported and the associated reporting of effect size estimates. Effect sizes were reported for fewer than half of the analyses; no article reported a confidence interval for an effect size. The most often reported analysis was analysis of variance, and almost half of these reports were not accompanied by effect sizes. Partial η2 was the most commonly reported effect size estimate for analysis of variance. For t tests, 2/3 of the articles did not report an associated effect size estimate; Cohen's d was the most often reported. We provide a straightforward guide to understanding, selecting, calculating, and interpreting effect sizes for many types of data and to methods for calculating effect size confidence intervals and power analysis.