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      Síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff: revisão literária da sua base neuroanatómica Translated title: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a literary review on its neuroanatomical basis

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          Abstract

          O elevado consumo de álcool, não apenas por parte da população adulta mas também, e cada vez mais, por parte dos estratos mais jovens, apresenta-se como um problema de saúde pública preocupante. Uma das possíveis consequências do alcoolismo crónico é o desenvolvimento do síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff. O síndrome de Wernicke-Korsakoff é um grupo de sinais e sintomas neuropsiquiátricos induzido por uma deficiência nutricional de vitamina B1 (tiamina). Esta doença, sem um tratamento adequado, pode progredir para um estado de estupor, coma e até morte. Os autores esclarecem a sua fisiopatologia e manifestações e, no processo, foi realizada uma revisão literária.

          Translated abstract

          High consumption of alcohol, not only by the adult population but also, and ever increasing, by younger strata, presents itself as a worrisome public health issue. One of the possible consequences of chronic alcohol consumption is the development of the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. it is a group of neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms induced by a nutritional deficiency of vitamin B1 (thiamine). This disease, without proper treatment, can progress to a state of stupor, coma and even death. The authors shed a light on its pathophysiology and manifestations and, in the process, a literary review was undertaken.

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          Most cited references43

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          B VITAMIN DEFICIENCY AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC SYNDROMES IN ALCOHOL MISUSE

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            THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS REPORT ON ALCOHOL: GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING WERNICKE'S ENCEPHALOPATHY IN THE ACCIDENT AND EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

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              Thiamine deficiency and unexplained encephalopathy in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.

              Patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing regular dialysis are prone to encephalopathy, but the cause is often unclear. Dialysis patients are at risk for thiamine deficiency, which may mimic many uremic complications, including encephalopathy. To determine whether unexplained encephalopathy in regular dialysis patients is associated with thiamine deficiency, we conducted a prospective study that enrolled 30 consecutive dialysis patients with altered mental status admitted to a referred hospital during a 1-year period. A complete history, physical and neurological examinations, laboratory investigations, and computed tomographic scans or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were obtained for each subject. In 10 of the 30 patients, diagnoses remained obscure after the initial workup. Manifestations included confusion, chorea, acute visual loss, rapidly progressive dementia, myoclonus, convulsions, and coma. Intravenous thiamine was administered to these 10 patients. All 10 patients had thiamine deficiency confirmed by a marked response to thiamine supplementation and/or a low serum thiamine concentration (35.3 +/- 6.0 nmol/L; normal, >50 nmol/L). Nine patients recovered, but one patient failed to respond because of delayed treatment. We conclude that in regular dialysis patients, unexplained encephalopathy can be mainly attributed to thiamine deficiency. This condition is fatal if unrecognized and can be successfully treated with prompt thiamine replacement.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                am
                Arquivos de Medicina
                Arq Med
                ArquiMed - Edições Científicas AEFMUP (Porto )
                2183-2447
                June 2013
                : 27
                : 3
                : 121-127
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade do Porto Portugal
                Article
                S0871-34132013000300004
                de23b348-4115-403c-8afa-106c41f04eee

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Portugal

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.mec.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0871-3413&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                Wernicke encephalopathy,Korsakoff Syndrome,alcoholism,nutritional,status,Encefalopatia de Wernicke,Síndrome Korsakoff,alcoolismo,estado nutricional

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