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      Perinatal depression in the Spanish context: consensus report from the General Council of Psychology of Spain Translated title: La depresión perinatal en el contexto español: informe de consenso del Consejo General de Psicología de España

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Background: Perinatal depression is a major public health problem, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 15% during the first postpartum year. Despite the high prevalence of postpartum depression, there is no consensus regarding assessment and treatment in the Spanish context. The General Council of Psychology of Spain convened a working group of experts in the field, including both academics and healthcare professionals, to review and propose recommendations based on evidence and best practices that could be applied in the Spanish context. Method: A literature search was completed in various databases (e.g., Medline, PsychInfo) including a combination of terms related to peripartum depression (PPD) assessment and diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cost-effectiveness. A narrative synthesis of the literature has been conducted together with a critical overview of PPD with a special focus on the Spanish context. Results: In this consensus report, developing questions including prevalence and assessment tools, comparative effectiveness of preventive and treatment interventions, and cost-effectiveness of PPD management have been analyzed. Conclusions: The General Council of Psychology of Spain network advocates the establishment of compulsory screening protocols in all the autonomous regions. Also, it is necessary to promote the inclusion in maternal education of programs for the promotion of mental well-being and selective/indicated prevention carried out by a psychology professional with specialized training in the area. This consensus document also promotes the presence of a psychology professional with specialized training in the area.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Antecedentes. La depresión perinatal es un importante problema de salud pública, con una prevalencia estimada de aproximadamente el 15% durante el primer año posparto. A pesar de la gran prevalencia de depresión posparto (DPP), no existe consenso sobre la evaluación y el tratamiento en el contexto español. El Consejo General de Psicología de España convocó a un grupo de trabajo de expertos en la materia, tanto académicos como profesionales sanitarios, para revisar y proponer recomendaciones basadas en evidencias y mejores prácticas que puedan aplicarse en el contexto español. Método. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en varias bases de datos (p. ej., Medline, PsychInfo) que incluía una combinación de términos relacionados con la evaluación y el diagnóstico de la DPP, prevención, tratamiento y coste-eficacia. Se ha realizado una síntesis narrativa de la literatura junto con una visión crítica de la DPP con un enfoque especial en el contexto español. Resultados. Las preguntas de desarrollo que incluyen prevalencia y herramientas de evaluación, la eficacia comparativa de las intervenciones preventivas y de tratamiento y la relación coste-efectividad de la gestión de la PPD se han analizado en este informe de consenso. Conclusiones. La red del Consejo General de Psicología de España aboga por el establecimiento de protocolos obligatorios de cribado en todas las Comunidades Autónomas. Asimismo, es necesario promover la inclusión en la educación materna de programas de promoción del bienestar mental y la prevención selectiva indicada llevadas a cabo por un profesional de la psicología con formación especializada en el área.

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          Most cited references133

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          Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale

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            The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener.

            A number of self-administered questionnaires are available for assessing depression severity, including the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9). Because even briefer measures might be desirable for use in busy clinical settings or as part of comprehensive health questionnaires, we evaluated a 2-item version of the PHQ depression module, the PHQ-2. The PHQ-2 inquires about the frequency of depressed mood and anhedonia over the past 2 weeks, scoring each as 0 ("not at all") to 3 ("nearly every day"). The PHQ-2 was completed by 6000 patients in 8 primary care clinics and 7 obstetrics-gynecology clinics. Construct validity was assessed using the 20-item Short-Form General Health Survey, self-reported sick days and clinic visits, and symptom-related difficulty. Criterion validity was assessed against an independent structured mental health professional (MHP) interview in a sample of 580 patients. As PHQ-2 depression severity increased from 0 to 6, there was a substantial decrease in functional status on all 6 SF-20 subscales. Also, symptom-related difficulty, sick days, and healthcare utilization increased. Using the MHP reinterview as the criterion standard, a PHQ-2 score > or =3 had a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 92% for major depression. Likelihood ratio and receiver operator characteristic analysis identified a PHQ-2 score of 3 as the optimal cutpoint for screening purposes. Results were similar in the primary care and obstetrics-gynecology samples. The construct and criterion validity of the PHQ-2 make it an attractive measure for depression screening.
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              The PHQ-9: A New Depression Diagnostic and Severity Measure

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                clinsa
                Clínica y Salud
                Clínica y Salud
                Colegio Oficial de la Psicología de Madrid (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1130-5274
                2174-0550
                2023
                : 34
                : 2
                : 51-63
                Affiliations
                [12] Madrid orgnameRey Juan Carlos University Spain
                [07] Salamanca orgnamePontifical University of Salamanca Spain
                [10] Menorca orgnameHospital General Mateu Orfila Spain
                [06] Madrid orgnameCIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Spain
                [11] Lugo orgnameHospital Universitario Lucus Augusti Spain
                [01] Madrid orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Spain
                [03] orgnameUniversity of Santiago de Compostela Spain
                [04] Madrid Madrid orgnameUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Spain
                [08] orgnameClinical psychologist orgdiv1Private practitioner
                [14] Aragón orgnameHealth Research Institute
                [05] Castellón Valencia orgnameUniversitat Jaume I Spain
                [02] Sevilla orgnameUniversidad Loyola Andalucía Spain
                [13] Teruel orgnameUniversity of Zaragoza Spain
                [09] Granada orgnameInstituto de Investigación Biosanitaria orgdiv1University of Granada Spain
                Article
                S1130-52742023000200002 S1130-5274(23)03400200002
                10.5093/clysa2023a15
                de2b0423-3160-4902-9b20-a7654c39d1f6

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 March 2023
                : 30 May 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 134, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Research Article

                Prevención,Perinatal depression,Assessment,Treatment,Prevention,Depresión perinatal,Valoración,Tratamiento

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