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      Membrane trafficking in the retinal pigment epithelium at a glance.

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          Abstract

          The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a highly specialised pigmented monolayer sandwiched between the choroid and the photoreceptors in the retina. Key functions of the RPE include transport of nutrients to the neural retina, removal of waste products and water from the retina to the blood, recycling of retinal chromophores, absorption of scattered light and phagocytosis of the tips of the photoreceptor outer segments. These functions place a considerable membrane trafficking burden on the RPE. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we focus on RPE-specific adaptations of trafficking pathways. We outline mechanisms underlying the polarised expression of membrane proteins, melanosome biogenesis and movement, and endocytic trafficking, as well as photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis and degradation. We also briefly discuss theories of how dysfunction in trafficking pathways contributes to retinal disease.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Cell Sci
          Journal of cell science
          The Company of Biologists
          1477-9137
          0021-9533
          August 27 2020
          : 133
          : 16
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK.
          [2 ] Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK c.futter@ucl.ac.uk.
          Article
          133/16/jcs238279
          10.1242/jcs.238279
          32855284
          decc9dd6-187c-4a24-a3fc-1b3e79e6deaf
          © 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.
          History

          Melanosome,Membrane trafficking,Phagocytosis,Polarity,Retinal pigment epithelium

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