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      Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in Primary Care Settings in Kuwait: A Comparative Study of Physicians and Pharmacists

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          Abstract

          Objective

          To investigate and compare knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding pharmacovigilance (PV) and the reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADR) among physicians and pharmacists in primary care settings.

          Subjects and Methods

          A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which a validated self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 386 physicians and 197 pharmacists in 38 primary care clinics in Kuwait. Categorical variables were described using numbers and percentages. The Pearson χ 2 test, Fisher exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used as appropriate. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

          Results

          Of the 583 questionnaires distributed, 485 were completed (by 318 physicians and 167 pharmacists), giving an overall response rate of 83.2%. A total of 52.8% ( n = 256) and 70.5% ( n = 341) of the study participants were knowledgeable about the definitions of PV and ADR, respectively, with pharmacists demonstrating significantly better knowledge of PV ( n = 105/167 vs. 151/318, i.e., 62.9 vs. 47.5%; p < 0.001) and purpose ( n = 123/167 vs. 177/318, i.e., 74.1 vs. 55.7%; p < 0.001). However, the majority ( n = 434/485; 89.4%) were not aware of an ADR reporting system in Kuwait. Almost every participant ( n = 474/485; 97.7%) thought it was necessary to report ADR. However, significantly fewer physicians than pharmacists ( n = 248/318 vs. 147/167, i.e., 78.0 vs. 88.0%; p < 0.01) believed that ADR reporting was a professional obligation. Only 27.8% ( n = 133/485) had reported ADR, with pharmacists having reported significantly fewer than physicians ( n = 35/167 vs. 98/318, i.e., 21.7 vs. 30.8%; p = 0.036).

          Conclusions

          This study indicated that the attitude was positive but there was suboptimal knowledge and poor practice among primary care physicians and pharmacists with regard to ADR reporting. Targeted training about ADR reporting while ensuring a robust regulatory framework would encourage ADR reporting practices in the primary health care setting in Kuwait.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Med Princ Pract
          Med Princ Pract
          MPP
          Medical Principles and Practice
          S. Karger AG (Allschwilerstrasse 10, P.O. Box · Postfach · Case postale, CH-4009, Basel, Switzerland · Schweiz · Suisse, Phone: +41 61 306 11 11, Fax: +41 61 306 12 34, karger@karger.ch )
          1011-7571
          1423-0151
          April 2018
          29 January 2018
          29 January 2018
          : 27
          : 1
          : 30-38
          Affiliations
          [1] aDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
          [2] bDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
          Author notes
          *Jacinthe Lemay, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Safat 13110 (Kuwait), E-Mail j.lemay@ 123456hsc.edu.kw
          Article
          PMC5968250 PMC5968250 5968250 mpp-0027-0030
          10.1159/000487236
          5968250
          29402876
          df0172dc-3685-458c-a952-efc0af09478e
          Copyright © 2018 by S. Karger AG, Basel
          History
          : 14 June 2017
          : 29 January 2018
          Page count
          Figures: 3, Tables: 3, References: 26, Pages: 9
          Categories
          Original Paper

          Primary care,Pharmacovigilance,Adverse drug reaction

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