Quantitative polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in so-called Eales' disease.

To report mycobacterial load in the vitreous of patients labeled as having Eales' disease. Eighty-eight patients were prospectively enrolled into 3 groups: 28 patients with so-called Eales' disease (group A); 30 positive controls with specific uveitis syndromes (group B), and 30 negative controls (group C). The undiluted vitreous humor samples were collected and subjected to real-time PCR assay for MPB64 gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and load quantified. Sixteen (57.14%) vitreous fluid samples in group A; 1 sample in group B, and none of the samples in group C were positive for MTB genome from the vitreous. The copies of MTB genomes in the positive samples in group A were 1.52 × 10(4) to 1.01 × 10(6). MTB genome was demonstrated in more than 50% of vitreous fluid samples with significant bacillary load, indicating that half of patients with so-called Eales' disease are indeed cases of tubercular vasculitis.