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      Uso Moderado de Cannabis em Universitários e Habilidades Sociais Translated title: Uso Moderado de Cannabis en Estudiantes Universitarios y Habilidades Sociales Translated title: Moderate Cannabis Use in College Students and Social Skills

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          Abstract

          Cannabis é a droga ilícita mais amplamente consumida no mundo. Tendo em vista a alta prevalência do uso, mostra-se importante o estudo sobre o uso desta droga e sua possível relação com as habilidades sociais (HS). Alguns trabalhos sugeriram que usuários poderiam apresentar déficits em relação a não usuários, entretanto outros não encontraram que usuários teriam um repertório deficitário. Portanto, os objetivos deste estudo foram (i) comparar o repertório de habilidades sociais de universitários usuários e não usuários de cannabis e (ii) investigar a relação entre habilidades sociais de universitários usuários de cannabis e as variáveis: frequência do uso no último mês, quantidade de cigarros por ocasião e idade de início do uso. Participaram do estudo universitários, sendo 30 usuários de cannabis e 30 não usuários. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Inventário de Habilidade Sociais, Escala de Severidade de Dependência e um questionário sobre variáveis relacionadas ao padrão de uso. Nos resultados, não se encontrou diferenças significativas entre o grupo de usuários e não usuários. A frequência do uso no último mês se relacionou positivamente aos fatores Autoafirmação e HS globais. Conclui-se que os usuários moderados de cannabis não apresentam um repertório deficitário de HS em comparação com não-usuários.

          Translated abstract

          El Cannabis es la droga ilícita más ampliamente consumida en el mundo. En vista de la alta prevalencia de su uso, es esencial estudiar el uso de este medicamento y su posible relación con las habilidades sociales. Algunos estudios sugirieron que los usuarios podrían tener déficits en relación con los no usuarios, sin embargo, otros no han encontrado que los usuarios podrían tener un repertorio deficitario. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron (i) comparar el repertorio de habilidades sociales de los universitarios consumidores de cannabis y no consumidores, y (ii) investigar la relación entre las habilidades sociales de los consumidores universitarios de cannabis y las variables: frecuencia de consumo en el último mes, cantidad de cigarrillos por ocasión y edad al inicio del uso. 30 usuarios de cannabis y 30 no usuarios participaron en el estudio. Se utilizaron el Inventario de Habilidades Sociales, la Escala de Gravedad de la Dependencia y un cuestionario sobre variables relacionadas con el patrón de uso. En los resultados, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el grupo de usuarios y no usuarios. La frecuencia de uso en el último mes estuvo positivamente relacionada con factores de autoafirmación y habilidades sociales globales. Se puede concluir que los usuarios moderados de cannabis no tienen un repertorio deficitario de HS en comparación con los no usuarios.

          Translated abstract

          Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug in the world. In view of the high prevalence of use, it is essential to study the use of this drug and its possible relationship with social skills. Some studies suggested that users could have deficits in relation to non-users, however others did not find that users would have a deficit repertoire. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (i) to compare the social skills repertoire of university cannabis users and non-users, and (ii) to investigate the relationship between social skills of undergraduate cannabis users and the variables: frequency of use in the last month, quantity of cigarettes per occasion and age of onset of use. 30 cannabis users and 30 non-users participated in the study. The Social Skill Inventory, Dependency Severity Scale and a questionnaire on variables related to the pattern of use were used. In the results, no significant differences were found between the group of users and non-users. The frequency of use in the last month was positively related to factors Self-affirmation and global social skills. It can be concluded that moderate cannabis users do not have a deficit repertoire of social skill compared to non-users.

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          Acute and Chronic Effects of Cannabinoids on Human Cognition—A Systematic Review

          Cannabis use has been associated with impaired cognition during acute intoxication as well as in the unintoxicated state in long-term users. However, the evidence has been mixed and contested, and no systematic reviews of the literature on neuropsychological task-based measures of cognition have been conducted in an attempt to synthesize the findings. We systematically review the empirical research published in the past decade (from January 2004 to February 2015) on acute and chronic effects of cannabis and cannabinoids and on persistence or recovery after abstinence. We summarize the findings into the major categories of the cognitive domains investigated, considering sample characteristics and associations with various cannabis use parameters. Verbal learning and memory and attention are most consistently impaired by acute and chronic exposure to cannabis. Psychomotor function is most affected during acute intoxication, with some evidence for persistence in chronic users and after cessation of use. Impaired verbal memory, attention, and some executive functions may persist after prolonged abstinence, but persistence or recovery across all cognitive domains remains underresearched. Associations between poorer performance and a range of cannabis use parameters, including a younger age of onset, are frequently reported. Little further evidence has emerged for the development of tolerance to the acutely impairing effects of cannabis. Evidence for potential protection from harmful effects by cannabidiol continues to increase but is not definitive. In light of increasing trends toward legalization of cannabis, the knowledge gained from this body of research needs to be incorporated into strategies to minimize harm.
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            Cannabis use and educational achievement: findings from three Australasian cohort studies.

            The associations between age of onset of cannabis use and educational achievement were examined using data from three Australasian cohort studies involving over 6000 participants. The research aims were to compare findings across studies and obtain pooled estimates of association using meta-analytic methods. Data on age of onset of cannabis use (<15, 15-17, never before age 18) and three educational outcomes (high school completion, university enrolment, degree attainment) were common to all studies. Each study also assessed a broad range of confounding factors. There were significant (p<.001) associations between age of onset of cannabis use and all outcomes such that rates of attainment were highest for those who had not used cannabis by age 18 and lowest for those who first used cannabis before age 15. These findings were evident for each study and for the pooled data, and persisted after control for confounding. There was no consistent trend for cannabis use to have greater effect on the academic achievement of males but there was a significant gender by age of onset interaction for university enrolment. This interaction suggested that cannabis use by males had a greater detrimental effect on university participation than for females. Pooled estimates suggested that early use of cannabis may contribute up to 17% of the rate of failure to obtain the educational milestones of high school completion, university enrolment and degree attainment. Findings suggest the presence of a robust association between age of onset of cannabis use and subsequent educational achievement. Copyright (c) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Qualidades psicométricas do Inventário de Habilidades Sociais (IHS): estudo sobre a estabilidade temporal e a validade concomitante

              Esta pesquisa investiga as qualidades psicométricas do Inventário de Habilidades Sociais (IHS) em termos de sua validade concomitante e de sua fidedignidade ou estabilidade temporal. Participaram desta pesquisa, 104 estudantes de Psicologia que foram submetidos à aplicação do IHS e da Escala de Assertividade de Rathus. Os resultados mostram uma correlação significativa entre estas duas escalas de avaliação. Os dados referentes à aplicação teste-reteste do IHS, em uma subamostra aleatória de 39 sujeitos, mostram igualmente um correlação significativa entre as duas aplicações. Estes resultados indicam que o IHS possui validade concomitante e fidedignidade ou estabilidade temporal. Estas conclusões complementam os resultados de estudos anteriores sobre as qualidades psicométricas do IHS e recomendam a utilização desta escala para avaliar as habilidades sociais de estudantes universitários no contexto brasileiro.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                epp
                Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia
                Estud. pesqui. psicol.
                Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Psicologia (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1808-4281
                August 2021
                : 21
                : 2
                : 768-785
                Affiliations
                [01] Recife PE orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco Brasil
                [02] São João del-Rei MG orgnameUniversidade Federal de São João del-Rei Brasil
                Article
                S1808-42812021000200021 S1808-4281(21)02100200021
                10.12957/epp.2021.61068
                df79d0f0-f739-4254-aff0-3a99932dae29

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 October 2019
                : 14 October 2020
                : 22 September 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia

                Categories
                Psicologia clínica e psicanálise

                drug use,cannabis,habilidades sociais,uso de drogas,habilidades sociales,consumo de drogas,social skills

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