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      Fresh Fruit Consumption and Major Cardiovascular Disease in China.

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          Abstract

          In Western populations, a higher level of fruit consumption has been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, but little is known about such associations in China, where the consumption level is low and rates of stroke are high.

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          A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

          Stephen S Lim, Theo Vos, Abraham D. Flaxman … (2012)
          The Lancet, 380(9859), 2224-2260
          Article 0 comments Cited 3803 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Use and misuse of population attributable fractions.

            B Rockhill, Roger Newman, Wendy Weinberg (1998)
            Article 0 comments Cited 303 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Global, regional and national consumption of major food groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis including 266 country-specific nutrition surveys worldwide

              Renata Micha, Shahab Khatibzadeh, Peilin Shi … (2015)
              Objective To quantify global intakes of key foods related to non-communicable diseases in adults by region (n=21), country (n=187), age and sex, in 1990 and 2010. Design We searched and obtained individual-level intake data in 16 age/sex groups worldwide from 266 surveys across 113 countries. We combined these data with food balance sheets available in all nations and years. A hierarchical Bayesian model estimated mean food intake and associated uncertainty for each age-sex-country-year stratum, accounting for differences in intakes versus availability, survey methods and representativeness, and sampling and modelling uncertainty. Setting/population Global adult population, by age, sex, country and time. Results In 2010, global fruit intake was 81.3 g/day (95% uncertainty interval 78.9–83.7), with country-specific intakes ranging from 19.2–325.1 g/day; in only 2 countries (representing 0.4% of the world's population), mean intakes met recommended targets of ≥300 g/day. Country-specific vegetable intake ranged from 34.6–493.1 g/day (global mean=208.8 g/day); corresponding values for nuts/seeds were 0.2–152.7 g/day (8.9 g/day); for whole grains, 1.3–334.3 g/day (38.4 g/day); for seafood, 6.0–87.6 g/day (27.9 g/day); for red meats, 3.0–124.2 g/day (41.8 g/day); and for processed meats, 2.5–66.1 g/day (13.7 g/day). Mean national intakes met recommended targets in countries representing 0.4% of the global population for vegetables (≥400 g/day); 9.6% for nuts/seeds (≥4 (28.35 g) servings/week); 7.6% for whole grains (≥2.5 (50 g) servings/day); 4.4% for seafood (≥3.5 (100 g) servings/week); 20.3% for red meats (≤1 (100 g) serving/week); and 38.5% for processed meats (≤1 (50 g) serving/week). Intakes of healthful foods were generally higher and of less healthful foods generally lower at older ages. Intakes were generally similar by sex. Vegetable, seafood and processed meat intakes were stable over time; fruits, nuts/seeds and red meat, increased; and whole grains, decreased. Conclusions These global dietary data by nation, age and sex identify key challenges and opportunities for optimising diets, informing policies and priorities for improving global health.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): N. Engl. J. Med.
                Title: The New England journal of medicine
                ISSN (Electronic): 1533-4406
                ISSN (Print): 0028-4793
                Publication date (Electronic): Apr 7 2016
                Volume: 374
                Issue: 14
                Affiliations
                [1 ] From the Clinical Trial Service Unit and the Epidemiological Studies Unit (H.D., D.B., P.S., H.G., Y.C., L.Y., R.C., R.P., Z.C.) and the Cancer Epidemiology Unit (T.J.K.), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center (L.L.), the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (L.L., Y.G., Z.B.), and the China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment ( J.C.), Beijing, Hainan Center for Disease Control (CDC), Haikou (S.W.), Qingdao CDC, Qingdao (R.D.), and Heilongjiang CDC, Harbin (H.S.) - all in China.
                Article
                Mid ID: EMS68411
                DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1501451
                PMC ID: 4896382
                PubMed ID: 27050205
                SO-VID: df8f0e49-421a-45cd-b464-b42b496c1e9a
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