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Abstract
Airway inflammation is important in the development and progression of asthma. Activation
of inflammatory cells induces a respiratory burst resulting in the production of reactive
oxygen species, such as H(2)O(2). The aim of this study was to measure the concentration
of H(2)O(2) in exhaled breath condensate and its correlation with airway obstruction,
airway hyperresponsiveness, and concentration of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)
in serum in 70 steroid-naive, atopic patients with unstable asthma (20 men; age range,
18 to 62 years) and 17 normal subjects (7 men; age range, 19 to 34 years).
Exhaled H(2)O(2) was measured using a colorimetric assay, and the concentration of
ECP in serum was measured using radioimmunoassay. Airway hyperresponsiveness was expressed
as the provocative concentration of inhaled histamine causing a 20% fall in FEV(1)
(PC(20)).
In patients with asthma, the mean H(2)O(2) concentration was significantly elevated
compared to values in normal subjects: 0.127 +/- 0.083 mol/L vs 0.024 +/- 0.016 mol/L
(p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation among H(2)O(2) concentration, FEV(1),
PC(20), and ECP in serum.
We conclude that exhaled H(2)O(2) is significantly elevated in asthmatic patients.
This is correlated with disease severity and indirect markers of airway inflammation.
Measurement of exhaled H(2)O(2) may be useful to assess airway inflammation and oxidative
stress in asthmatic patients.