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      Head to toe ultrasound: Current opinion on its role in hemodynamic instability, hypoxemia, oligoanuria and the patient with altered neurological status Translated title: Ultrasonido de la cabeza a los pies: opinión actual sobre su utilidad en inestabilidad hemodinámica, hipoxemia, oligoanuria y en el paciente con estado neurológico alterado

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Bedside ultrasound is now more commonly used in anesthesiology and critical care. There are numerous applications beyond its role in regional anesthesia and vascular access. Objective: To describe how bedside ultrasound can be integrated to current clinical management is dealingwith hemodynamicallyunstable, hypoxemic, oligoanuric patient and in the patient with altered neurological status. Material and methods: Essay article describing a synthesis of the current literature, expert opinion, currentpracticeand recentclinicaltrials in the developmentofproposed algorithm dealing with the use of bedside ultrasound in the management hemodynamic instability and hypoxemia. Results: Three algorithms currently used in the hemodynamically unstable and the hypox-emic patient and the patient are described. In addition, a simple bedside ultrasound approach to oligoanuria and altered neurological status is proposed. Conclusion: Further studies incorporating head-to-toe bedside ultrasound by trained clinicians will need to be validated but are likely to demonstrate the significant advantages of incorporating bedside ultrasound in the practice of anesthesiology and critical care.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Introducción: El ultrasonido realizado al lado de la cama del paciente se utiliza cada vez con más frecuencia en anestesiología y cuidado crítico. Son muchas sus aplicaciones aparte de la anestesia regional y el acceso vascular. Objetivo: Describir la forma de integrar el ultrasonido al lado de la cama del paciente en el actual manejo clínico del paciente hemodinámicamente inestable, hipoxémico y oligoanúrico, y del paciente con estado neurológico alterado. Materiales y métodos: Ensayo que describe una síntesis de la literatura actual, las opiniones de expertos, la práctica corriente y los experimentos clínicos recientes para el desarrollo de la propuesta de un algoritmo relativo al uso del ultrasonido al lado de la cama del paciente en el manejo de la inestabilidad hemodinámica y la hipoxemia. Resultados: Se describen 3 algoritmos utilizados actualmente en el paciente hemodinámicamente inestable e hipoxémico. Adicionalmente se propone un enfoque simple de ultrasonido a la cabecera del paciente para la oligoanuria y el estado neurológico alterado. Conclusión: Será necesario validar estudios ulteriores que incorporen la realización de ultrasonido de la cabeza a los pies por parte de clínicos entrenados, pero es probable que demuestren las ventajas importantes de incorporar el ultrasonido a la cabecera del paciente en la práctica de la anestesiología y el cuidado crítico.

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          Most cited references39

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          Preventing complications of central venous catheterization.

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            American College of Chest Physicians/La Société de Réanimation de Langue Française statement on competence in critical care ultrasonography.

            To define competence in critical care ultrasonography (CCUS). The statement is sponsored by the Critical Care NetWork of the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) in partnership with La Société de Réanimation de Langue Française (SRLF). The ACCP and the SRLF selected a panel of experts to review the field of CCUS and to develop a consensus statement on competence in CCUS. CCUS may be divided into general CCUS (thoracic, abdominal, and vascular), and echocardiography (basic and advanced). For each component part, the panel defined the specific skills that the intensivist should have to be competent in that aspect of CCUS. In defining a reasonable minimum standard for CCUS, the statement serves as a guide for the intensivist to follow in achieving proficiency in the field.
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              Ultrasonography of optic nerve sheath diameter for detection of raised intracranial pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

              To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) for assessment of intracranial hypertension. Systematic review without language restriction based on electronic databases, with manual review of literature and conference proceedings until July 2010. Studies were eligible if they compared ultrasonography of ONSD with intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. Data were extracted independently by three authors. Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed. Six studies including 231 patients were reviewed. No significant heterogeneity was detected for sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios or diagnostic odds ratio. For detection of raised intracranial pressure, pooled sensitivity was 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80-0.95; p for heterogeneity, p (het) = 0.09], pooled specificity was 0.85 (95% CI 0.73-0.93, p (het) = 0.13), and the pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 51 (95% CI 22-121). The area under the summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curve was 0.94 (95% CI 0.91-0.96). Ultrasonography of ONSD shows a good level of diagnostic accuracy for detecting intracranial hypertension. In clinical decision-making, this technique may help physicians decide to transfer patients to specialized centers or to place an invasive device when specific recommendations for this placement do not exist.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rca
                Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología
                Rev. colomb. anestesiol.
                SCARE-Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0120-3347
                December 2017
                : 45
                : 4
                : 317-326
                Affiliations
                [1] Montreal Quebec orgnameUniversité de Montréal orgdiv1Montreal Heart Institute orgdiv2Department of Anesthesiology Canada
                [2] London Ontario orgnameUniversity of Western Ontario Canada
                Article
                S0120-33472017000400317
                e0e73956-c407-4da0-a23c-9a3d915206b8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 September 2016
                : 06 July 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 47, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                Ultrasonido,ecocardiografía,Mortalidad,Enfermedad,Crítica,Delirio,Insuficiencia renal,Ultrasound,echocardiography,Mortality,Critical Illness,Delirium,Renal insufficiency

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