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      Chrysospleniumramosissimum Y.I.Kim & Y.D.Kim (Saxifragaceae), a new species from Korea

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          This study describes and illustrates Chrysosplenium ramosissimum , a new plant species from Mt. Seonjaryeong, located in the central region of the Korean Peninsula. The species is most similar to C. valdepilosum but is readily distinguishable by the presence of yellowish-green bracteal leaves during flowering, highly branched sterile branches, shiny silvery dots on sterile branch leaves and larger tubercles on the seed coat.

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          Phylogenetic relationships and evolution in Chrysosplenium (Saxifragaceae) based on matK sequence data.

          M Wakabayashi, C Hibsch-Jetter, J Murata … (2001)
          Chrysosplenium (Saxifragaceae) consists of 57 species widely distributed in temperate and arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with two species restricted to the southern part of South America. Species relationships within the genus are highly problematic. The genus has traditionally been divided into two groups, sometimes recognized as sections (Oppositifolia and Alternifolia), based on leaf arrangement, or, alternatively, into 17 series. Based on morphological features, Hara suggested that the genus originated in South America and then subsequently migrated to the Northern Hemisphere. We conducted phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences of the chloroplast gene matK for species of Chrysosplenium to elucidate relationships, test Hara's biogeographic hypothesis for the genus, and examine chromosomal and gynoecial diversification. These analyses revealed that both sections Oppositifolia and Alternifolia are monophyletic and form two large sister clades. Hence, leaf arrangement is a good indicator of relationships within this genus. Hara's series Pilosa and Macrostemon are each also monophyletic; however, series Oppositifolia, Alternifolia, and Nepalensia are clearly not monophyletic. MacClade reconstructions suggest that the genus arose in Eastern Asia, rather than in South America, with several independent migration events from Asia to the New World. In one well-defined subclade, species from eastern and western North America form a discrete clade, with Old World species as their sister group, suggesting that the eastern and western North American taxa diverged following migration to that continent. The South American species forms a clade with species from eastern Asia; this disjunction may be the result of ancient long-distance dispersal. Character mapping demonstrated that gynoecial diversification is dynamic, with reversals from inferior to half-inferior ovaries, as well as to ovaries that appear superior. Chromosomal evolution also appears to be labile with several independent origins of n = 12 (from an original number of n = 11) and multiple episodes of aneuploidy.
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            A study on the genus Chrysosplenium L. from China

            J-T Pan, JT Pan, Pan (1986)
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              The families and genera of vascular plants

              D. SOLTIS, K Kubitzki (2007)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Young-Dong Kim:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-4727
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PhytoKeys
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PhytoKeys
                Journal ID (publisher-id): PhytoKeys
                Title: PhytoKeys
                Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
                ISSN (Print): 1314-2011
                ISSN (Electronic): 1314-2003
                Publication date Collection: 2018
                Publication date (Electronic): 6 November 2018
                Issue: 111
                Pages: 1-10
                Affiliations
                [1 ] International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
                [2 ] Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Life Science Hall, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, South Korea
                [3 ] Freshwater Bioresources Research Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, Gyeongbuk 37242, South Korea
                [4 ] Department of Life Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, South Korea
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Young-Dong Kim ( ydkim@ 123456hallym.ac.kr )

                Academic editor: Doug Soltis

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7482-7228
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5904-4727
                Article
                DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.111.27182
                PMC ID: 6234221
                SO-VID: e0e9b2a9-7e26-4791-8551-84f9d116a2f5
                Copyright © Yong-In Kim, Seong-Hyun Cho, Jung-Hoon Lee, Dae-Hyun Kang, Jin Hee Park, Young-Dong Kim
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                Date received : 1 August 2018
                Date accepted : 15 October 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Saxifragaceae
                Subject: Identification Key
                Subject: Nomenclature
                Subject: Far East

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Plant science & Botany
                Keywords: chrysosplenium ,endemic species,seed morphology,sterile branch,dna barcode,plantae,saxifragales,saxifragaceae
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Plant science & Botany
                Keywords: chrysosplenium , endemic species, seed morphology, sterile branch, dna barcode, plantae, saxifragales, saxifragaceae

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