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      Efficacy and Safety of Tunneled Pleural Catheters in Adults with Malignant Pleural Effusions: A Systematic Review

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          Abstract

          Background

          Malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are a frequent cause of dyspnea and discomfort at the end of cancer patients' lives. The tunneled indwelling pleural catheter (TIPC) was approved by the FDA in 1997 and has been investigated as a treatment for MPE.

          Objective

          To systematically review published data on the efficacy and safety of the TIPC for treatment of MPE.

          Design

          We searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases to identify studies published through October 2009 that reported outcomes in adult patients with MPE treated with a TIPC. Data were aggregated using summary statistics when outcomes were described in the same way among multiple primary studies.

          Main Measures

          Symptomatic improvement and complications associated with use of the TIPC.

          Key Results

          Nineteen studies with a total of 1,370 patients met criteria for inclusion in the review. Only one randomized study directly compared the TIPC with the current gold standard treatment, pleurodesis. All other studies were case series. Symptomatic improvement was reported in 628/657 patients (95.6%). Quality of life measurements were infrequently reported. Spontaneous pleurodesis occurred in 430/943 patients (45.6%). Serious complications were rare and included empyema in 33/1168 patients (2.8%), pneumothorax requiring a chest tube in 3/51 (5.9%), and unspecified pneumothorax in 17/439 (3.9%). Minor complications included cellulitis in 32/935 (3.4%), obstruction/clogging in 33/895 (3.7%) and unspecified malfunction of the catheter in 11/121 (9.1%). The use of the TIPC was without complication in 517/591 patients (87.5%).

          Conclusions

          Based on low-quality evidence in the form of case series, the TIPC may improve symptoms for patients with MPE and does not appear to be associated with major complications. Prospective randomized studies comparing the TIPC to pleurodesis are needed before the TIPC can be definitively recommended as a first-line treatment of MPE.

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          Most cited references35

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          The new lung cancer staging system.

          Frank Detterbeck, Daniel Boffa, Lynn Tanoue (2009)
          The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) has conducted an extensive initiative to inform the revision of the lung cancer staging system. This involved development of an international database along with extensive analysis of a large population of patients and their prognoses. This article reviews the recommendations of the IASLC International Staging Committee for the definitions for the TNM descriptors and the stage grouping in the new non-small cell lung cancer staging system.
          Article 0 comments Cited 233 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Phase III intergroup study of talc poudrage vs talc slurry sclerosis for malignant pleural effusion.

            G Haasler, Kemp Kernstine, James Herndon … (2005)
            To demonstrate the efficacy, safety, and appropriate mode of instillation of talc for sclerosis in treatment of malignant pleural effusions (MPEs). A prospective, randomized trial was designed to compare thoracoscopy with talc insufflation (TTI) to thoracostomy and talc slurry (TS) for patients with documented MPE. The primary end point was 30-day freedom from radiographic MPE recurrence among surviving patients whose lungs initially re-expanded > 90%. Morbidity, mortality, and quality of life were also assessed. Of 501 patients registered, those eligible were randomized to TTI (n = 242) or TS (n = 240). Patient demographics and primary malignancies were similar between study arms. Overall, there was no difference between study arms in the percentage of patients with successful 30-day outcomes (TTI, 78%; TS, 71%). However, the subgroup of patients with primary lung or breast cancer had higher success with TTI than with TS (82% vs 67%). Common morbidity included fever, dyspnea, and pain. Treatment-related mortality occurred in nine TTI patients and seven TS patients. Respiratory complications were more common following TTI than TS (14% vs 6%). Respiratory failure was observed in 4% of TS patients and 8% of TTI patients, accounting for five toxic deaths and six toxic deaths, respectively. Quality-of-life measurement demonstrated less fatigue with TTI than TS. Patient ratings of comfort and safety were also higher for TTI, but there were no differences on perceived value or convenience of the procedures. Both methods of talc delivery are similar in efficacy; TTI may be better for patients with either a lung or breast primary. The etiology and incidence of respiratory complications from talc need further exploration.
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              Single-center experience with 250 tunnelled pleural catheter insertions for malignant pleural effusion.

              Gaëtane Michaud, Alain Tremblay (2006)
              Malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) are a common cause of dyspnea in patients with advanced cancer. Tunnelled pleural catheters (TPCs) can be used in patients with this condition, but the published experience with them is limited. To describe the use of TPCs in the management of MPE in a large group of patients in a clinical setting. Retrospective analysis of 250 sequential TPC insertions in patients with MPEs in a single center. Two hundred fifty TPC procedures for MPE were performed in 223 patients (19 contralateral procedures and 8 repeat ipsilateral procedures) during a 3-year period. Symptom control was complete following 97 procedures (38.8%), was partial in 125 procedures (50%), and was absent in 9 procedures (3.6%); in addition, there were 10 failed TPC insertions (4.0%) and 9 TPC insertions (3.6%) without assessment of symptoms at the 2-week follow-up visit. Spontaneous pleurodesis occurred following 103 of the 240 successful TPC procedures (42.9%) and was more frequent when < or = 20% of the hemithorax contained fluid at the 2-week follow-up visit (57.2% vs 25.3%, respectively; p < 0.001). Catheters stayed in place for a median duration of 56 days. Following successful TPC placement, no further ipsilateral pleural procedures were required in 90.1% of cases. The overall median survival time following TPC insertion was 144 days. Complication rates were low and compared favorably with those seen with other treatment options. TPC placement is an effective method of palliation for MPE that allows outpatient management and low complication rates. The insertion of a TPC should be considered as a first-line treatment option in the management of patients with MPE.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                : +713-792-0063 , +713-792-3708 , mevanmeter@mdanderson.org
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Gen Intern Med
                Title: Journal of General Internal Medicine
                Publisher: Springer-Verlag (New York )
                ISSN (Print): 0884-8734
                ISSN (Electronic): 1525-1497
                Publication date (Electronic): 10 August 2010
                Publication date PMC-release: 10 August 2010
                Publication date (Print): January 2011
                Volume: 26
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 70-76
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 10, Houston, TX 77030-4009 USA
                [2 ]Department of Medicine, The University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
                [3 ]PRIME Residency Program, Veterans Affairs Hospital, San Francisco, CA USA
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1472
                DOI: 10.1007/s11606-010-1472-0
                PMC ID: 3024099
                PubMed ID: 20697963
                SO-VID: e10a355f-c5cf-4410-9da5-40046fd0b9db
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2010
                History
                Date received : 16 February 2010
                Date revision received : 29 June 2010
                Date accepted : 12 July 2010
                Categories
                Subject: Reviews
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © Society of General Internal Medicine 2011

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Internal medicine
                Keywords: malignant pleural effusion,palliative care,tunneled catheter
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Internal medicine
                Keywords: malignant pleural effusion, palliative care, tunneled catheter

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