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      Journal of Urban Archaeology is the first dedicated scholarly journal to recognize urban archaeology as a field within its own right. To submit to this journal, click here

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      The Naming of Parts: Integrating Urban Difference

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      Journal of Urban Archaeology
      Brepols Publishers

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          Abstract

          As with Anomalocaris, urbanism is one label for many phenomena. However, the varied phenomena of urbanism are defined locally yet talked about universally, while local traditions are entitled to their own definitions. What we have is immense variety and a risk that the category will become so malleable that it loses integration or has lost meaning and interpretative value. To integrate a consistent analytic approach to the varied forms of settlement which are included in the category ‘urban’ and allow different but complementary questions to be asked about their variety, we need to recognize them as representatives of different trajectories which can be comprehended in relation to each other within a single frame of reference - the interaction and communication constraints which affect the communities in all settlements.

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          Most cited references55

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          Airborne LiDAR, archaeology, and the ancient Maya landscape at Caracol, Belize

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            The Largest Cambrian Animal, Anomalocaris, Burgess Shale, British Columbia

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              The Pre-History of Urban Scaling

              Cities are increasingly the fundamental socio-economic units of human societies worldwide, but we still lack a unified characterization of urbanization that captures the social processes realized by cities across time and space. This is especially important for understanding the role of cities in the history of human civilization and for determining whether studies of ancient cities are relevant for contemporary science and policy. As a step in this direction, we develop a theory of settlement scaling in archaeology, deriving the relationship between population and settled area from a consideration of the interplay between social and infrastructural networks. We then test these models on settlement data from the Pre-Hispanic Basin of Mexico to show that this ancient settlement system displays spatial scaling properties analogous to those observed in modern cities. Our data derive from over 1,500 settlements occupied over two millennia and spanning four major cultural periods characterized by different levels of agricultural productivity, political centralization and market development. We show that, in agreement with theory, total settlement area increases with population size, on average, according to a scale invariant relation with an exponent in the range . As a consequence, we are able to infer aggregate socio-economic properties of ancient societies from archaeological measures of settlement organization. Our findings, from an urban settlement system that evolved independently from its old-world counterparts, suggest that principles of settlement organization are very general and may apply to the entire range of human history.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jua
                jua
                Journal of Urban Archaeology
                Brepols Publishers (Turnhout, Belgium )
                2736-2426
                2736-2434
                January 2022
                : 5
                : 33-64
                Article
                10.1484/J.JUA.5.129842
                e12852a0-9554-4c23-ab3d-dd0feac1fe55

                Open-access

                History

                Urban studies,Archaeology,History
                Urban studies, Archaeology, History

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