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      Un nuevo profesional para una nueva sociedad. Respuestas desde la educación médica: la formación basada en competencias Translated title: New professionals for a new society. Responses from a medical education perspective: competency-based medical education

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          Abstract

          La formación de profesionales de Ciencias de la Salud exige una reflexión permanente para dar respuesta a una sociedad en continua transición, máxime cuando se viven momentos sociales y económicos tan delicados como el actual que influyen directamente en el mundo sanitario. En un mundo globalizado, en continuo cambio, lleno de incertidumbres, donde la movilidad de profesionales entre países es creciente, se precisan profesionales con nuevas competencias para que sean capaces de adaptarse con flexibilidad a los nuevos tiempos, nuevos roles de docentes y discentes, así como nuevas metodologías de educación y evaluación. La Formación basada en Competencias (FBC) es el camino a seguir para dar una respuesta a los retos socio-sanitarios actuales. En este artículo desarrollamos los fundamentos de la FBC, exponemos algunos de los modelos más aceptados a nivel internacional, describimos cual debe ser el perfil básico de un profesional en Ciencias de la Salud hoy para el mañana, y mostramos la experiencia puesta en marcha por la Unidad de Docencia Médica del Hospital Universitario Cruces de implementar la FBC en el programa de especialidades.

          Translated abstract

          Ongoing reflection on the training of Health Sciences professionals is essential to respond to changes in society. This is particularly important in testing times, such as those of the current economic and social conditions, which have a direct impact on health systems. In the era of globalisation, with the world in constant change, full of uncertainties, and increasing movement of professionals between countries, we need: professionals with new competencies, flexible in adapting to the new times; and new teaching and learning roles, as well as new educational and assessment methods. Competency-based medical education (CBME) is the best approach to respond to the current social and healthcare challenges. In this paper, we outline the principles of CBME, present some of the models most widely adopted internationally, describe the framework of basic competencies that Health Science professionals need today to meet the challenges of tomorrow, and report our experience of the introduction of CBME in specialty training programmes at the Medical Education Unit of Cruces University Hospital.

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          Most cited references51

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          Workplace-based assessment as an educational tool: AMEE Guide No. 31.

          There has been concern that trainees are seldom observed, assessed, and given feedback during their workplace-based education. This has led to an increasing interest in a variety of formative assessment methods that require observation and offer the opportunity for feedback. To review some of the literature on the efficacy and prevalence of formative feedback, describe the common formative assessment methods, characterize the nature of feedback, examine the effect of faculty development on its quality, and summarize the challenges still faced. The research literature on formative assessment and feedback suggests that it is a powerful means for changing the behaviour of trainees. Several methods for assessing it have been developed and there is preliminary evidence of their reliability and validity. A variety of factors enhance the efficacy of workplace-based assessment including the provision of feedback that is consistent with the needs of the learner and focused on important aspects of the performance. Faculty plays a critical role and successful implementation requires that they receive training. There is a need for formative assessment which offers trainees the opportunity for feedback. Several good methods exist and feedback has been shown to have a major influence on learning. The critical role of faculty is highlighted, as is the need for strategies to enhance their participation and training.
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            Medical professionalism in the new millennium: a physician charter.

            , , (2015)
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              Testing for competencies rather than for intelligence

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                neuropsiq
                Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría
                Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq.
                Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                0211-5735
                2340-2733
                June 2013
                : 33
                : 118
                : 385-405
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameSociedad de Educación Médica de Euskadi
                [02] Barakaldo orgnameHospital Universitario Cruces orgdiv1Unidad de Docencia Médica España jesusmanuel.moranbarrios@ 123456osakidetza.net
                Article
                S0211-57352013000200013
                10.4321/S0211-57352013000200013
                e17a6685-d27b-4af2-aaef-7313fbd65cd8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 39, Pages: 21
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                SciELO Spain


                Formación Sanitaria Especializada,Formación Médica basada en Competencias,Postgraduate Medical Education,Competency-Based Medical Education

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