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      Effect of Bee Venom Acupuncture on Oxaliplatin-Induced Cold Allodynia in Rats

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          Abstract

          Oxaliplatin, a chemotherapy drug, often leads to neuropathic cold allodynia after a single administration. Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) has been used in Korea to relieve various pain symptoms and is shown to have a potent antiallodynic effect in nerve-injured rats. We examined whether BVA relieves oxaliplatin-induced cold allodynia and which endogenous analgesic system is implicated. The cold allodynia induced by an oxaliplatin injection (6 mg/kg, i.p.) was evaluated by immersing the rat's tail into cold water (4°C) and measuring the withdrawal latency. BVA (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) at Yaoyangguan (GV3), Quchi (LI11), or Zusanli (ST36) acupoints significantly reduced cold allodynia with the longest effect being shown in the GV3 group. Conversely, a high dose of BVA (2.5 mg/kg) at GV3 did not show a significant antiallodynic effect. Phentolamine ( α -adrenergic antagonist, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) partially blocked the relieving effect of BVA on allodynia, whereas naloxone (opioid antagonist, 2 mg/kg, i.p.) did not. We further confirmed that an intrathecal administration of idazoxan ( α 2-adrenergic antagonist, 50  μ g) blocked the BVA-induced anti-allodynic effect. These results indicate that BVA alleviates oxaliplatin-induced cold allodynia in rats, at least partly, through activation of the noradrenergic system. Thus, BVA might be a potential therapeutic option in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy.

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          Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals.

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            Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: prevention and treatment strategies.

            Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major dose limiting side effect of many commonly used chemotherapeutic agents, including platinum drugs, taxanes, epothilones and vinca alkaloids, and also newer agents such as bortezomib and lenolidamide. Symptom control studies have been conducted looking at ways to prevent or alleviate established CIPN. This manuscript provides a review of studies directed at both of these areas. New evidence strongly suggests that intravenous calcium and magnesium therapy can attenuate the development of oxaliplatin-induced CIPN, without reducing treatment response. Accumulating data suggest that vitamin E may also attenuate the development of CIPN, but more data regarding its efficacy and safety should be obtained prior to its general use in patients. Other agents that look promising in preliminary studies, but need substantiation, include glutamine, glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, oxcarbazepine, and xaliproden. Effective treatment of established CIPN, however, has yet to be found. Lastly, paclitaxel causes a unique acute pain syndrome which has been hypothesised to be caused by neurologic injury. No drugs, to date, have been proven to prevent this toxicity.
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              Acupuncture: neuropeptide release produced by electrical stimulation of different frequencies

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
                Evid Based Complement Alternat Med
                ECAM
                Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM
                Hindawi Publishing Corporation
                1741-427X
                1741-4288
                2013
                22 August 2013
                22 August 2013
                : 2013
                : 369324
                Affiliations
                1Department of East-West Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
                2Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
                3Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
                Author notes
                *Sun Kwang Kim: skkim77@ 123456khu.ac.kr and
                *Byung-Il Min: mbi@ 123456khu.ac.kr

                Academic Editor: Jian Kong

                Article
                10.1155/2013/369324
                3766591
                24058370
                e1bfac65-3ea0-4f04-8b42-356473581e37
                Copyright © 2013 Bong-Soo Lim et al.

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 19 February 2013
                : 18 July 2013
                Categories
                Research Article

                Complementary & Alternative medicine
                Complementary & Alternative medicine

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