Knowledge and use of emergency contraception among students of public secondary schools in Ilorin, Nigeria

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Abstract

Introduction

Unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion pose a major reproductive health challenge to adolescents. Emergency contraception is safe and effective in preventing unplanned pregnancy. The objective of this study was to assess the student's knowledge and use of emergency contraception.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was carried out in Ilorin, Nigeria, using multi-stage sampling method. Data was collected using pre-tested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. Knowledge was scored and analysed. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data analysis. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

27.8% of the respondents had good knowledge of emergency contraception. Majority of respondents (87.2%) had never used emergency contraception. Majority of those who had ever used emergency contraception (85.7%) used it incorrectly, using it more than 72 hours after sexual intercourse (p=0.928).

Conclusion

Knowledge about Emergency contraception and prevalence of use were low. Contraceptive education should be introduced early in the school curriculum for adolescents.

Most cited references 30

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Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomised trial.

Helena von Hertzen, A Peregoudov, Gyorgy Bartfai … (2002)

A single 10 mg dose of mifepristone, and two 0.75 mg doses of levonorgestrel 12 h apart, are effective for emergency contraception. Because no studies had compared the efficacies of both compounds, or investigated a single dose of 1.5 mg levonorgestrel, we undertook this three-arm trial. We did a randomised, double-blind trial in 15 family-planning clinics in 10 countries. We randomly assigned 4136 healthy women with regular menstrual cycles, who requested emergency contraception within 120 h of one unprotected coitus, to one of three regimens: 10 mg single-dose mifepristone; 1.5 mg single-dose levonorgestrel; or two doses of 0.75 mg levonorgestrel given 12 h apart. The primary outcome was unintended pregnancy; other outcomes were side-effects and timing of next menstruation. Analysis was by intention to treat, but we did exclude some patients from the final analyses. Of 4071 women with known outcome, pregnancy rates were 1.5% (21/1359) in those given mifepristone, 1.5% (20/1356) in those assigned single-dose levonorgestrel, and 1.8% (24/1356) in women assigned two-dose levonorgestrel. These proportions did not differ significantly (p=0.83). The relative risk of pregnancy for single-dose levonorgestrel compared with two-dose levonorgestrel was 0.83 (95% CI 0.46-1.50), and that for levonorgestrel (the two regimens combined) compared with mifepristone, 1.05 (0.63-1.76). Side-effects were mild and did not differ greatly between groups, and most women menstruated within 2 days of the expected date. Women who took levonorgestrel had earlier menses than did those who took mifepristone. The three regimens studied are very efficacious for emergency contraception and prevent a high proportion of pregnancies if taken within 5 days of unprotected coitus. Mifepristone and levonorgestrel do not differ in efficacy. A 1.5 mg single levonorgestrel dose can substitute two 0.75 mg doses 12 h apart.

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Improving teenagers' knowledge of emergency contraception: cluster randomised controlled trial of a teacher led intervention.

Marc Diamond, Deborah Sharp, Anna Graham … (2002)

To assess the effectiveness of a teacher led intervention to improve teenagers' knowledge about emergency contraception. Cluster randomised controlled trial. 24 mixed sex, state secondary schools in Avon, south west England. 1974 boys and 1820 girls in year 10 (14-15 year olds). Teachers gave a single lesson on emergency contraception to year 10 pupils. The teachers had previously received in-service training on giving the lesson. The pupils were actively involved during the lesson. Questionnaires distributed to pupils at baseline and six months after the intervention assessed their knowledge of the correct time limits for hormonal emergency contraception and for use of the intrauterine device as emergency contraception, the proportion of pupils who were not virgins, the proportion who had used emergency contraception, and the pupils' intention to use emergency contraception in the future. The proportion of pupils knowing the correct time limits for both types of emergency contraception was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group at six months' follow up (hormonal contraception: proportion of boys 15.9% higher (95% confidence interval 6.5% to 25.3%), girls 20.4% (10.4% to 30.4%); intrauterine device used as emergency contraception: boys 4.2% (0.7% to 7.7%), girls 10.7% (0.4% to 21.0%). The number of pupils needed to be taught for one more pupil to know the correct time limits was six for boys and five for girls. The intervention and control groups did not differ in the proportion of pupils who were not virgins, in the proportion who had used emergency contraception, and in the proportion intending to use emergency contraception in the future. The intervention significantly improved the proportion of boys and girls knowing the correct time limits for both types of emergency contraception. The intervention did not change the pupils' sexual activity or use of emergency contraception.

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Estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraceptive pills.

James Trussell, Charlotte Ellertson, Helena von Hertzen … (2003)

We use new estimates of conception probabilities by cycle day of intercourse, where cycle day is measured with day 1 being the first day of bleeding in a cycle, to propose a new approach for estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs). We use this new approach to examine the absolute effectiveness and the cost-effectiveness of ECPs and whether ECPs are more effective the sooner after unprotected intercourse they are initiated.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Pan Afr Med J

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Pan Afr Med J

Journal ID (publisher-id): PAMJ

Title: The Pan African Medical Journal

Publisher: The African Field Epidemiology Network

ISSN (Electronic): 1937-8688

Publication date (Electronic): 10 March 2016

Publication date Collection: 2016

Volume: 23

Electronic Location Identifier: 74

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria

[2 ]Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria

Author notes

[& ]Corresponding author: Oluwole Adeyemi Babatunde, Department of Community Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria

Article

Publisher ID: PAMJ-23-74

DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.23.74.8688

PMC ID: 4862801

PubMed ID: 27217897

SO-VID: e1ea70b0-f226-4d69-a274-d3bdf6e017a2

License:

The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Knowledge and use of emergency contraception among students of public secondary schools in Ilorin, Nigeria

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Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Most cited references 30

Low dose mifepristone and two regimens of levonorgestrel for emergency contraception: a WHO multicentre randomised trial.

Improving teenagers' knowledge of emergency contraception: cluster randomised controlled trial of a teacher led intervention.

Estimating the effectiveness of emergency contraceptive pills.

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