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      Weight of school material and back pain in students leaving their books at school Translated title: Peso do material escolar e dor nas costas em alunos que deixam seus livros na escola

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of back pain in children and adolescents has been reason for school health concern. Among different causes, school material weight is highlighted since studies have shown that it exceeds recommended values. So, strategies to decrease material weight have been adopted, such as the availability of cabinets or shelves to leave the books at school. However, it is not well explained whether such strategies would solve the problem. This study aimed at observing the association between school material weight and back pain in students who leave their material at school. METHODS: Sample was made up of 48 students of the 5th year of Basic Education of a municipal school of Petrolina-PE. Students and their materials were weighed. The back pain and body posture evaluation instrument was used to evaluate back pain. RESULTS: Mean school material weight was 10.8±3.9% of body weight, without difference between genders. From 48 students, 20 have reported back pain and there has been no association between back pain and gender or school material weight. CONCLUSION: Among students, 41.67% have reported back pain, while 52.09% carried weight above 10% of body weight, but there has been no association between school material weight and back pain.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A prevalência de dor nas costas em crianças e adolescentes tem sido motivo de preocupações no âmbito da saúde escolar. Entre as diferentes causas, o peso do material escolar destaca-se, uma vez que pesquisas mostram que este excede os valores recomendados. Assim, estratégias para reduzir o peso do material têm sido adotadas, como a disponibilidade de armários ou de estantes para deixar os livros na escola. Contudo, não está bem esclarecido se essas estratégias solucionam o problema. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre o peso do material escolar e a presença de dor nas costas em alunos de uma escola, os quais deixam seus livros na escola. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi composta por 48 alunos do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola municipal de Petrolina-PE. Os alunos e seus materiais foram pesados. Para avaliar a presença de dor nas costas, foi utilizado o questionário de Avaliação da Postura Corporal e Dor nas Costas. RESULTADOS: O peso médio do material escolar foi 10,8±3,9% do peso corporal, não sendo encontrada diferença entre os gêneros. Dos 48 alunos, 20 relataram sentir dor nas costas e não foi encontrada associação da presença de dor nas costas com o gênero e com o peso do material escolar. CONCLUSÃO: Entre os alunos, 41,67% relataram sentir dor nas costas, enquanto que 52,09% transportam um peso superior a 10% do peso corporal, mas não foi encontrada associação entre o peso do material escolar e a presença de dor nas costas.

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          Most cited references23

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          Low back pain in schoolchildren: the role of mechanical and psychosocial factors.

          Low back pain (LBP) in schoolchildren with no apparent clinical cause is known to be a common problem, but considerably less is understood regarding the aetiology of such pain. To assess the role of both mechanical and psychosocial factors (including emotional and behavioural problems and other somatic pain complaints) in childhood LBP. A cross sectional study was carried out in a population of 1446 schoolchildren aged 11-14 years. Information on these potential risk factors for LBP was sought using a self complete questionnaire and a five day bag weight diary. Mechanical factors such as physical activity and school bag weight were not associated with LBP. However, strong associations with LBP were observed for emotional problems, conduct problems, troublesome headaches, abdominal pain, sore throats, and daytime tiredness. Results suggest that psychosocial factors rather than mechanical factors are more important in LBP occurring in young populations and could possibly be a reflection of distress in schoolchildren.
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            The weight of schoolbags and the occurrence of neck, shoulder, and back pain in young adolescents.

            A cross-sectional study of 745 young adolescents in the area of two Regional Health Centers in the Netherlands. To assess the occurrence of neck and/or shoulder and back complaints in young adolescents and examine relationships with type and weight of schoolbags and other physical and psychologic risk factors. The occurrence of back pain in children and adolescents varies from 8% to 74% in the literature. Age, gender, and certain psychological factors appear to be important risk factors. An association with heavy schoolbags has been presumed but without clear scientific evidence. A questionnaire was used, asking about complaints of back, neck, and/or shoulders and about potential risk factors including psychosomatic factors. Length and weight of the children were determined. Schoolbags were weighed, and the relative weight of the schoolbag was calculated. Neck and/or shoulder complaints and also back complaints were reported by about 45% of young adolescents. Severe complaints of neck and/or shoulder were reported by 6%, and severe back complaints by 7% of the schoolchildren. The (relative) weight of schoolbags was not related to complaints of neck and/or shoulder and back. Psychosomatic factors showed the strongest association with the occurrence of neck and/or shoulder and back complaints. Psychosomatic factors appear to be more strongly related to the occurrence of neck and/or shoulder and back complaints than the type and weight of the schoolbag and other physical factors. The role of psychosomatic factors should be further explored in future longitudinal research.
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              Backpack as a daily load for schoolchildren.

              34.8% of Italian schoolchildren carry more than 30% of their bodyweight at least once a week, exceeding limits proposed for adults. Given increasing evidence of back pain in children, the time has come to propose some limitations to backpack load.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rdor
                Revista Dor
                Rev. dor
                Sociedade Brasileira para o Estudo da Dor (São Paulo )
                2317-6393
                December 2015
                : 16
                : 4
                : 276-279
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco Brazil
                Article
                S1806-00132015000400276
                10.5935/1806-0013.20150056
                e2046055-e1d0-447d-9384-07f5c722ef06

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1806-0013&lng=en
                Categories
                CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
                CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
                NEUROSCIENCES

                Emergency medicine & Trauma,Neurology,Neurosciences
                Back pain,Criança,Dor nas costas,Suporte de carga,Child,Load bearing

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