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      Obesity and other risk factors: The National Survey of U.S. Long-Haul Truck Driver Health and Injury : Long-Haul Truck Driver Health Risk Factors

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          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Drivers of heavy and tractor-trailer trucks accounted for 56% of all production and nonsupervisory employees in the truck transportation industry in 2011. There are limited data for illness and injury in long-haul truck drivers, which prompted a targeted national survey.

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          Analysis of Health Surveys

          Edward Korn, Barry Graubard (1999)
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            Lifetime health and economic consequences of obesity.

            D. Thompson, J Edelsberg, G. A. Colditz … (1999)
            Obesity is an established risk factor for several chronic diseases. The lifetime health and economic consequences of obesity for individual patients have not been documented. To estimate the lifetime health and economic consequences of obesity. We developed a dynamic model of the relationship between body mass index and the risks and associated costs of 5 obesity-related diseases: hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and stroke. The model was estimated using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the Framingham Heart Study, and other secondary sources. We used this model to estimate (1) risks of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus at future ages; (2) lifetime risks of coronary heart disease and stroke; (3) life expectancy; and (4) expected lifetime medical care costs of these 5 diseases for men and women aged 35 to 64 years with body mass indexes of 22.5, 27.5, 32.5, and 37.5 kg/m2 (nonobese and mildly, moderately, and severely obese, respectively). Disease risks and costs increase substantially with increased body mass index. The risk of hypertension for moderately obese 45- to 54-year-old men, for example, is roughly 2-fold higher than for their nonobese peers (38.1% vs 17.7%), whereas the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus is almost 3-fold higher (8.1% vs 3.0%). Lifetime risks of coronary heart disease and stroke are similarly elevated (41.8% vs 34.9% and 16.2% vs 13.9%, respectively), whereas life expectancy is reduced by 1 year (26.5 vs 27.5 years). Total discounted lifetime medical care costs for the treatment of these 5 diseases are estimated to differ by $10,000 ($29,600 vs $19,600). Similar results were obtained for women. The lifetime health and economic consequences of obesity are substantial and suggest that efforts to prevent or reduce this problem might yield significant benefits.
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              Sleepiness, sleep-disordered breathing, and accident risk factors in commercial vehicle drivers.

              Charmi V. Desai, D. Joffe, Lindsay Campbell … (2004)
              Sleep-disordered breathing and excessive sleepiness may be more common in commercial vehicle drivers than in the general population. The relative importance of factors causing excessive sleepiness and accidents in this population remains unclear. We measured the prevalence of excessive sleepiness and sleep-disordered breathing and assessed accident risk factors in 2,342 respondents to a questionnaire distributed to a random sample of 3,268 Australian commercial vehicle drivers and another 161 drivers among 244 invited to undergo polysomnography. More than half (59.6%) of drivers had sleep-disordered breathing and 15.8% had obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Twenty-four percent of drivers had excessive sleepiness. Increasing sleepiness was related to an increased accident risk. The sleepiest 5% of drivers on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire had an increased risk of an accident (odds ratio [OR] 1.91, p = 0.02 and OR 2.23, p < 0.01, respectively) and multiple accidents (OR 2.67, p < 0.01 and OR 2.39, p = 0.01), adjusted for established risk factors. There was an increased accident risk with narcotic analgesic use (OR 2.40, p < 0.01) and antihistamine use (OR 3.44, p = 0.04). Chronic excessive sleepiness and sleep-disordered breathing are common in Australian commercial vehicle drivers. Accident risk was related to increasing chronic sleepiness and antihistamine and narcotic analgesic use.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: American Journal of Industrial Medicine
                Abbreviated Title: Am. J. Ind. Med.
                Publisher: Wiley
                ISSN: 02713586
                Publication date Created: June 2014
                Publication date (Print): June 2014
                Publication date (Electronic): January 04 2014
                Volume: 57
                Issue: 6
                Pages: 615-626
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Cincinnati Ohio
                [2 ]Division of Safety Research; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Morgantown West Virginia
                [3 ]Division of Applied Research and Technology; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Cincinnati Ohio
                [4 ]School of Health Sciences; University of Occupational and Environmental Health; Fukuoka Japan
                Article
                DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22293
                PubMed ID: 24390804
                SO-VID: e229a38d-880d-464f-96b4-a4379f634298
                Copyright © © 2014
                License:

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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