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      Sociodemographic Predictors of Changes in Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Sleep among Toddlers and Preschoolers in Chile during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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          Abstract

          The aim was to examine the sociodemographic predictors associated with changes in movement behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep) among toddlers and preschoolers during the early stages of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Chile. Caregivers of 1- to 5-year-old children completed an online survey between 30 March and 27 April 2020. Information about the child’s movement behaviors before (retrospectively) and during the pandemic, as well as family characteristics were reported. In total, 3157 participants provided complete data (mean children age: 3.1 ± 1.38 years). During early stages of the pandemic, time spent in physical activity decreased, recreational screen time and sleep duration increased, and sleep quality declined. Toddlers and preschoolers with space to play at home and living in rural areas experienced an attenuated impact of the pandemic restrictions on their physical activity levels, screen time, and sleep quality. Older children, those whose caregivers were aged ≥35–<45 years and had a higher educational level, and those living in apartments had greater changes, mainly a decrease in total physical activity and increase in screen time. This study has shown the significant impact of the pandemic restrictions on movement behaviors in toddlers and preschoolers in Chile.

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          Most cited references36

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          The REDCap consortium: Building an international community of software platform partners

          The Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) data management platform was developed in 2004 to address an institutional need at Vanderbilt University, then shared with a limited number of adopting sites beginning in 2006. Given bi-directional benefit in early sharing experiments, we created a broader consortium sharing and support model for any academic, non-profit, or government partner wishing to adopt the software. Our sharing framework and consortium-based support model have evolved over time along with the size of the consortium (currently more than 3200 REDCap partners across 128 countries). While the "REDCap Consortium" model represents only one example of how to build and disseminate a software platform, lessons learned from our approach may assist other research institutions seeking to build and disseminate innovative technologies.
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            Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: a national survey

            Background Healthy childhood development is fostered through sufficient physical activity (PA; including time outdoors), limiting sedentary behaviours (SB), and adequate sleep; collectively known as movement behaviours. Though the COVID-19 virus outbreak has changed the daily lives of children and youth, it is unknown to what extent related restrictions may compromise the ability to play and meet movement behaviour recommendations. This secondary data analysis examined the immediate impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on movement and play behaviours in children and youth. Methods A national sample of Canadian parents (n = 1472) of children (5–11 years) or youth (12–17 years) (54% girls) completed an online survey that assessed immediate changes in child movement and play behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak. Behaviours included PA and play, SB, and sleep. Family demographics and parental factors that may influence movement behaviours were assessed. Correlations between behaviours and demographic and parental factors were determined. For open-ended questions, word frequency distributions were reported. Results Only 4.8% (2.8% girls, 6.5% boys) of children and 0.6% (0.8% girls, 0.5% boys) of youth were meeting combined movement behaviour guidelines during COVID-19 restrictions. Children and youth had lower PA levels, less outside time, higher SB (including leisure screen time), and more sleep during the outbreak. Parental encouragement and support, parental engagement in PA, and family dog ownership were positively associated with healthy movement behaviours. Although families spent less time in PA and more time in SB, several parents reported adopting new hobbies or accessing new resources. Conclusions This study provides evidence of immediate collateral consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak, demonstrating an adverse impact on the movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth. These findings can guide efforts to preserve and promote child health during the COVID-19 outbreak and crisis recovery period, and to inform strategies to mitigate potential harm during future pandemics.
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              COVID-19 Impact on Behaviors across the 24-Hour Day in Children and Adolescents: Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep

              In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, social restrictions to contain the spread of the virus have disrupted behaviors across the 24-h day including physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep among children (5–12 years old) and adolescents (13–17 years old). Preliminary evidence reports significant decreases in physical activity, increases in sedentary behavior, and disrupted sleep schedules/sleep quality in children and adolescents. This commentary discusses the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on behaviors across the 24-h day in children and adolescents. Furthermore, we suggest recommendations through the lens of a socio-ecological model to provide strategies for lasting behavior change to insure the health and well-being of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Int J Environ Res Public Health
                ijerph
                International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
                MDPI
                1661-7827
                1660-4601
                29 December 2020
                January 2021
                : 18
                : 1
                : 176
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; marcelo.toledo@ 123456ufrontera.cl (M.T.-V.); sebastian.miranda@ 123456ufrontera.cl (S.M.-M.); andrea.cortinez@ 123456ufrontera.cl (A.C.-O.); pia.martino@ 123456ufrontera.cl (P.M.-F.)
                [2 ]UFRO Activate Research Group, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
                [3 ]IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2374631, Chile; carlos.cristi@ 123456pucv.cl (C.C.-M.); fernando.rodriguez@ 123456pucv.cl (F.R.-R.)
                [4 ]Early Start, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; tokely@ 123456uow.edu.au
                [5 ]Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
                [6 ]Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia; borja.delpozocruz@ 123456acu.edu.au
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: nicolas.aguilar@ 123456ufrontera.cl ; Tel.: +56-45-2325209
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6974-1312
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6207-3377
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4999-4857
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1626-8170
                Article
                ijerph-18-00176
                10.3390/ijerph18010176
                7796176
                33383721
                e23ae82f-9798-454a-bea0-1b51d375f2c5
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 30 November 2020
                : 24 December 2020
                Categories
                Article

                Public health
                physical activity,sedentary behavior,sleep,active play,outdoor time,movement behaviors,covid-19

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