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      Aging and Wisdom : Culture Matters

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          Abstract

          People from different cultures vary in the ways they approach social conflicts, with Japanese being more motivated to maintain interpersonal harmony and avoid conflicts than Americans are. Such cultural differences have developmental consequences for reasoning about social conflict. In the study reported here, we interviewed random samples of Americans from the Midwest United States and Japanese from the larger Tokyo area about their reactions to stories of intergroup and interpersonal conflicts. Responses showed that wisdom (e.g., recognition of multiple perspectives, the limits of personal knowledge, and the importance of compromise) increased with increasing age among Americans, but older age was not associated with wiser responses among Japanese. Younger and middle-aged Japanese showed greater use of wise-reasoning strategies than younger and middle-aged Americans did. This cultural difference was weaker for older participants' reactions to interpersonal conflicts and was actually reversed for intergroup conflicts. This research has important implications for the study of aging, cultural psychology, and wisdom.

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          Most cited references27

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          Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.

          Psychological Review, 98(2), 224-253
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            The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts.

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              Internationally Comparable Measures of Occupational Status for the 1988 International Standard Classification of Occupations

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Psychological Science
                Psychol Sci
                SAGE Publications
                0956-7976
                1467-9280
                August 28 2012
                October 2012
                August 28 2012
                October 2012
                : 23
                : 10
                : 1059-1066
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo
                [2 ]Department of Psychology, Tokyo Women’s Christian University
                [3 ]Department of Communication, University of Oklahoma
                [4 ]School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas
                [5 ]Department of Psychology, Peking University
                [6 ]Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
                Article
                10.1177/0956797612446025
                22933459
                e2655900-1a0e-4cd8-aaac-ec05139d5e05
                © 2012

                http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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