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      Punção biópsia aspirativa (PBA) com agulha fina no diagnóstico diferencial de patologias da mama Translated title: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the differential diagnosis of breast pathology

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          Abstract

          A punção biópsia aspirativa (PBA) é um método simples e isento de complicações, de grande valor em mastologia. Sua acurácia diagnóstica pode sofrer a influência de diversos fatores, dos quais podemos destacar a experiência do médico que a realiza. Com o objetivo de verificar a eficácia da PBA realizada por ginecologistas gerais, foram estudadas 341 pacientes correlacionando-se os resultados da PBA com o diagnóstico histopatológico da lesão mamária. Obtivemos sensibilidade de 70,87%, especificidade de 70,58%, valor preditivo positivo de 92,40%, valor preditivo negativo de 89,36% e acurácia de 70,67%. Concluímos que a PBA é de grande auxílio na abordagem das lesões mamárias e pode ser realizada adequadamente por ginecologistas gerais. O método, contudo, pode apresentar erros de diagnóstico. Não recomendamos, portanto, o uso do resultado da PBA como diagnóstico definitivo, devendo este resultado ser interpretado no contexto do diagnóstico clínico e mamográfico da lesão mamária.

          Translated abstract

          Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple method and free from complications, among great value in mastology. Its accuracy can suffer the influence of several factors, among which we can highlight the experience of the physician who performs it. With the objective of verifying the effectiveness of FNAC performed by general gynecologists, 341 patients were studied concerning the relationship between the results of FNAC and the histology of the breast lesion. We obtained sensitivity of 70.87%, specificity of 70.58%, predictive positive value of 92.40%, predictive negative value of 89.36% and accuracy of 70.67%. We concluded that FNAC is of great value in handling breast lesions and can be appropriately performed by general gynecologists. The method, however, may lead to errors of diagnosis. We do not recommend, therefore, the use of the result of FNAC as a definitive diagnosis; instead this result must be interpreted in the context of the clinical diagnosis and mammography.

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          Final diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration biopsy for definitive operation in breast cancer.

          This work has been based on 15 years experience with more than 10,000 needle aspiration biopsies of the breast. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy was used in place of open breast biopsy for definitive operation in breast cancer. Our experience with 2,623 aspiration biopsies over a 3 year period has been reviewed. There was a total of 323 cancers, of which 257 (80 percent) were unequivocally diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Definitive operation was performed in 244 of these patients (95 percent) without open biopsy. Thirteen had an excisional biopsy before definitive operation at the request of the referring physician. The sensitivity was 80 percent and the specificity was 98 percent. There were no false-positive diagnoses. The positive predictive value was 100 percent. False-negative diagnoses were made in 9 percent of the patients, half of whom had nonpalpable carcinomas. Our experience shows that fine-needle aspiration biopsy is accurate in the diagnosis of breast cancer, and when the finding is positive, it can be used for definitive breast operation, eliminating the need for open biopsy. A management algorithm has also been presented herein.
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            Fine needle aspiration cytology of breast masses: an evaluation of its accuracy and reasons for diagnostic failure.

            A study of 1458 patients who had undergone breast aspiration cytology was conducted to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the technique. The effect of tumour histology and size on the unsatisfactory aspirate and false negative rate was examined. Seven hundred and thirty one patients (50%) had histological diagnoses. The sensitivity of aspiration cytology for malignancy was 64% for the first aspiration, but was 91% in patients who had had 3 aspirates. The specificity was 56%, this low figure was almost entirely due to inadequate or unsatisfactory cytological preparations. The positive and negative predictive values of aspiration cytology were 99.4% and 85% respectively demonstrating high diagnostic accuracy given a satisfactory aspirate. Invasive lobular carcinoma yielded a significantly higher unsatisfactory rate than invasive ductal carcinoma (P less than 0.001) and fibroadenoma yielded a significantly lower unsatisfactory rate than fibroadenosis (P less than 0.001). Mass size influenced the unsatisfactory rate for invasive ductal carcinoma (P less than 0.05) and fibroadenoma, but not for invasive lobular carcinoma or fibroadenosis. Only 2 of the 32 false negatives were due to misinterpretation, the remainder resulted from the aspiration needle missing the mass. We conclude that aspiration cytology is an accurate preoperative diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of breast masses. Unsatisfactory or negative aspirates should be regarded as 'non-results' if there is clinical or radiological suspicion of malignancy.
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              Impact of fine-needle aspiration cytology, ultrasonography and mammography on open biopsy rate in patients with benign breast disease.

              The management of breast disease has been influenced by breast imaging and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for preoperative diagnosis. To investigate the impact of introducing an in-clinic FNAC service on patient management, the pathology records of patients presenting before and after introduction of the service were studied. Four management changes emerged. The number of patients investigated by histology and/or cytology increased (from 266 to 503), as did specimen numbers (392 to 728). The use of pathological services changed, with more cytology specimens (39 to 554), fewer needle-core biopsies (62 to three) and fewer excision biopsies (245 to 118). The number of patients admitted for surgery fell, especially those with a benign histological diagnosis (174 to 49). These figures demonstrate a change in the management of benign breast disease, from surgery with histopathological diagnosis to cytological diagnosis with surgery only if indicated clinically or from imaging.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbgo
                Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
                Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.
                Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Rio de Janeiro )
                1806-9339
                May 1998
                : 20
                : 4
                : 209-213
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0100-72031998000400006
                10.1590/S0100-72031998000400006
                e2d0c1e3-ba9d-4a1d-bf6f-382f0295f97a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-7203&lng=en
                Categories
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Fine-needle aspiration cytology,Breast cancer,Breast,Punção biópsia por agulha fina,Câncer da mama,Mama

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