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      Stresse ocupacional, avaliação cognitiva, burnout e comprometimento laboral na aviação civil Translated title: Occupational stress, cognitive appraisal, burnout and work engagement in civil aviation

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          Abstract

          Este estudo foi realizado com profissionais de tripulação de voo e teve como objetivos: (a) analisar a experiência de stresse ocupacional, de burnout e de comprometimento face ao trabalho; (b) analisar a importância dos processos de avaliação cognitiva na atividade laboral; e (c) analisar as variáveis preditoras do burnout e do comprometimento face ao trabalho. Participaram no estudo 184 profissionais (121 do sexo masculino; 65,8%) que responderam a um protocolo de avaliação sobre stresse ocupacional, avaliação cognitiva, burnout e comprometimento face ao trabalho. Nos resultados, quatro aspetos devem ser salientados: (a) 27,8% dos participantes percecionaram índices significativos de stresse ocupacional, tendo sido assinalados dois casos de burnout pleno; (b) a tripulação de cabine evidenciou uma experiência profissional mais negativa do que os pilotos; (c) os profissionais com processos de avaliação cognitiva menos positivos face ao trabalho evidenciaram maior stresse ocupacional e burnout e menor comprometimento face ao trabalho; e (d) o stresse ocupacional e a avaliação cognitiva foram variáveis importantes na predição do burnout e do comprometimento face ao trabalho. Em conclusão, os resultados evidenciaram o caráter stressante desta atividade e a importância da avaliação cognitiva na adaptação humana em contextos laborais.

          Translated abstract

          This study was done with flight crew workers, having the following goals: (a) analyze the experience of occupational stress, burnout and work engagement; (b) analyze the importance of the cognitive appraisal processes in the way participants adapt to work conditions; and (c) analyze the predictors of burnout and work engagement. The study included 184 professionals (121 males; 65,8%), that responded to an evaluation protocol with measures of occupational stress, cognitive appraisal, burnout, and work engagement. The results revealed four main aspects: (a) the participants assumed significant levels of occupational stress (27,8%), having been reported two cases of burnout; (b) the cabin crew assumed a more negative professional experience than pilots; (c) cognitive appraisal processes assumed a central role in how professionals respond to job demands, exerting an influence in the experience of occupational stress, burnout and work engagement; and (d) occupational stress and cognitive appraisal were important variables in the prediction of burnout and work engagement. In sum, the results of this study indicated the stressful nature of this activity and the importance of cognitive appraisal in human adaptation in work contexts.

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          Stress, Appraisal, and Coping

          <p><b>The reissue of a classic work, now with a foreword by Daniel Goleman!</b><p>Here is a monumental work that continues in the tradition pioneered by co-author Richard Lazarus in his classic book <i>Psychological Stress and the Coping Process</i>. Dr. Lazarus and his collaborator, Dr. Susan Folkman, present here a detailed theory of psychological stress, building on the concepts of cognitive appraisal and coping which have become major themes of theory and investigation.</p> <p>As an integrative theoretical analysis, this volume pulls together two decades of research and thought on issues in behavioral medicine, emotion, stress management, treatment, and life span development. A selective review of the most pertinent literature is included in each chapter. The total reference listing for the book extends to 60 pages.</p> <p>This work is necessarily multidisciplinary, reflecting the many dimensions of stress-related problems and their situation within a complex social context. While the emphasis is on psychological aspects of stress, the book is oriented towards professionals in various disciplines, as well as advanced students and educated laypersons. The intended audience ranges from psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, nurses, and social workers to sociologists, anthropologists, medical researchers, and physiologists.</p>
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            Job burnout.

            Burnout is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job, and is defined by the three dimensions of exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy. The past 25 years of research has established the complexity of the construct, and places the individual stress experience within a larger organizational context of people's relation to their work. Recently, the work on burnout has expanded internationally and has led to new conceptual models. The focus on engagement, the positive antithesis of burnout, promises to yield new perspectives on interventions to alleviate burnout. The social focus of burnout, the solid research basis concerning the syndrome, and its specific ties to the work domain make a distinct and valuable contribution to people's health and well-being.
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              Early predictors of job burnout and engagement.

              A longitudinal study predicted changes in burnout or engagement a year later by identifying 2 types of early indicators at the initial assessment. Organizational employees (N = 466) completed measures of burnout and 6 areas of worklife at 2 times with a 1-year interval. Those people who showed an inconsistent pattern at Time 1 were more likely to change over the year than were those who did not. Among this group, those who also displayed a workplace incongruity in the area of fairness moved to burnout at Time 2, while those without this incongruity moved toward engagement. The implications of these 2 predictive indicators are discussed in terms of the enhanced ability to customize interventions for targeted groups within the workplace. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                psd
                Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças
                Psic., Saúde & Doenças
                Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicologia da Saúde (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                1645-0086
                September 2016
                : 17
                : 2
                : 265-281
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidade do Minho orgdiv1Escola de Psicologia Portugal
                Article
                S1645-00862016000200012
                10.15309/16psd170212
                e2d539ff-289b-44fc-b0a6-752a920cfff1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 October 2014
                : 09 May 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 17
                Product

                SciELO Portugal


                Civil Aviation,Work Commitment,Burnout,Cognitive Appraisal,Stress,Aviação Civil,Comprometimento,Avaliação cognitiva,Stresse ocupacional

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