Nasal breathing: a neglected factor in metabolic regulation?

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Abstract

Purpose

Nasal breathing (NB) is a fundamental physiological process, and emerging research indicates its potential role in modulating resting metabolism, impacting energy expenditure and metabolic efficiency. This study investigates the impact of NB on resting metabolic rate (RMR), offering novel insights into metabolic regulation.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted on patients undergoing nasal surgery, with measurements taken before and 3 months after surgery. Metabolic rate assessments, anthropometric dimensions, and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) were recorded. Factors like age, sex, and health status were considered to control for confounding variables.

Results

A total of 83 patients were initially enrolled: 17 underwent septorhinoplasty (SRP), 61 septoplasty (ST) and 5 inferior turbinate reduction alone. 72 patients completed the follow-up. SRP patients exhibited significantly higher pre- and post-operative RMR compared to ST patients (p = 0.005), and this association was not observed when PNIF was included in the analysis (p > 0.05). Pre-operative and post-operative PNIF values significantly correlated with pre-operative and post-operative RMR (p = 0.049 and p = 0.005, respectively). Post-operative PNIF predicted post-operative RMR after confoundment adjustment in linear regression (β = – 0.043, p = 0.017). Importantly, total body weight increased after surgery (pre-op: 74 ± 14.6 kg versus post-op: 75.6 ± 15.5 kg, p < 0.001) due to an increment in muscle mass (pre-op: 52.3 ± 12 versus post-op: 55.5 ± 14, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Preliminary analysis suggests a potential link between NB and RMR, emphasizing the overlooked role of nasal respiratory physiology in energy homeostasis. Surgery also elicited body composition alterations. Further research is needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms of this association. Understanding the impact of NB on RMR could underscore its significance in metabolic regulation, reinforcing the importance of nasal surgery on overall health. This study provides foundation for future investigations.

Related collections

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Author and article information

Contributors

Francisco Alves de Sousa:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4113-3259

franciscoalvesousa@gmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

Title: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )

ISSN (Print): 0937-4477

ISSN (Electronic): 1434-4726

Publication date (Electronic): 2 December 2024

Publication date PMC-release: 2 December 2024

Publication date (Print): 2025

Volume: 282

Issue: 2

Pages: 869-879

Affiliations

[1 ]Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Largo do Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal

[2 ]Head of Sleep Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department of Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Largo do Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal

[3 ]Pneumology Unit and Neonatology Unit, Paediatrics Department, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte (CMIN), Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António, Largo da Maternidade de Júlio Dinis 45, 4050-651 Porto, Portugal

Author information

Francisco Alves de Sousa http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4113-3259

João Tavares Correia http://orcid.org/0009-0004-6216-2221

Miguel Gonçalves Ferreira http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7923-8115

Marta Rios http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-2132

Manuel Magalhães http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-8822

Mariline Santos http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7041-0994

Article

Publisher ID: 9093

DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-09093-y

PMC ID: 11805799

PubMed ID: 39623020

SO-VID: e2f7bc43-23a5-4399-a3e0-0092acdfa7ea

License:

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 20 October 2024

Date accepted : 11 November 2024

Funding

Funded by: Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António

Open Access :

Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on).

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Otolaryngology

Keywords: nasal breathing,resting metabolic rate,septoplasty,turbinate reduction,rhinoplasty,peak nasal inspiratory flow

Data availability: