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      Secondary Abutment Syndromes of the Wrist in Trauma: A Pictorial Essay

      case-report
      , MD, PhD 1 , 2 , 3 , 2
      Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology
      Ubiquity Press
      wrist, abutment, trauma, radiographs, MRI

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          Abstract

          Traumatic lesions of the wrist occur frequently and may give rise to underdiagnosed secondary abutment syndromes. The latter are a common cause of incapacitating pain and limited range of motion, despite minimal or even absent alterations on radiographs. Moreover, the complex wrist anatomy often results in ignorance or underappreciation of these syndromes.

          This paper presents a pictorial review of frequent and rare secondary abutment syndromes at the wrist joint, which – in contrast to primary abutment syndromes – are not based on anatomical variants or congenital deformations. The merit of each imaging modality is briefly mentioned.

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          Functional wrist motion: a biomechanical study.

          A triaxial electrogoniometer was used to measure functional wrist motion. Wrist motion was evaluated in 10 normal subjects who performed 52 standardized tasks. The wrist joint was found to have three degrees of freedom (flexion-extension, radioulnar deviation, and rotation). The normal functional range of wrist motion is 5 degrees of flexion, 30 degrees of extension, 10 degrees of radial deviation, and 15 degrees of ulnar deviation.
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            Bone marrow lesions: a universal bone response to injury?

            The ever increasing use of magnetic resonance imaging in clinical practice has led to the recognition of a new entity, bone marrow lesions (BMLs). These lesions are characterized by excessive water signals in the marrow space and have emerged as a central component of many different diseases affecting the musculoskeletal system. BMLs have in particular been associated with a wide variety of inflammatory and non-inflammatory rheumatologic conditions and are not only considered significant sources of pain, but also linked to the worsening of patient prognosis in many disease states. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on BMLs with an emphasis on the clinical and histological features of this entity in inflammatory and non-inflammatory disease and provide a unifying hypothesis based on the appearance with various imaging technologies. We also try to pair this hypothesis with the apparent beneficial effects of various treatment regimens, mainly within the group of bone antiresorptive drugs (calcitonin, bisphosphonates) on symptoms associated with BMLs.
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              Carpal injuries: analytic approach and case exercises.

              L Gilula (1979)
              Radiographic wrist relationships are reviewed emphasizing the posteroanterior view, and analyzing the three normal arcs, principles of parallelism, and overlapping articular surfaces. Use of these concepts, which are not stressed in the literature, enables the radiographic interpreter to easily arrive at a definitive diagnosis and to detect and interpret subtle and complex abnormalities. Case material is included to emphasize major different diagnostic points.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                J Belg Soc Radiol
                J Belg Soc Radiol
                2514-8281
                Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology
                Ubiquity Press
                2514-8281
                30 August 2018
                2018
                : 102
                : 1
                : 54
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Radiology, St.-Maarten General Hospital, Leopoldstraat 2, 2800 Mechelen, BE
                [2 ]Department of Radiology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, BE
                [3 ]Department of Plastic Surgery, Brussels University, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, BE
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-6708
                Article
                10.5334/jbsr.1558
                6125750
                e31bae73-3314-4afc-86ca-0b1d626a7197
                Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s)

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 10 April 2018
                : 15 August 2018
                Categories
                Pictorial Essay

                wrist,abutment,trauma,radiographs,mri
                wrist, abutment, trauma, radiographs, mri

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