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      Challenges for Service Robots—Requirements of Elderly Adults with Cognitive Impairments

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          Abstract

          Objective

          We focused on identifying the requirements and needs of people suffering from Alzheimer disease and early dementia stages with relation to robotic assistants.

          Methods

          Based on focus groups performed in two centers (Poland and Spain), we created surveys for medical staff, patients, and caregivers, including: functional requirements; human–robot interaction, the design of the robotic assistant and user acceptance aspects. Using Likert scale and analysis made on the basis of the frequency of survey responses, we identified users’ needs as high, medium, and low priority.

          Results

          We gathered 264 completed surveys (100 from medical staff, 81 from caregivers, and 83 from potential users). Most of the respondents, almost at the same level in each of the three groups, accept robotic assistants and their support in everyday life. High level priority functional requirements were related to reacting in emergency situations (calling for help, detecting/removing obstacles) and to reminding about medication intake, about boiling water, turning off the gas and lights (almost 60% of answers). With reference to human–robot interaction, high priority was given to voice operated system and the capability of robotic assistants to reply to simple questions.

          Conclusion

          Our results help in achieving better understanding of the needs of patients with cognitive impairments during home tasks in everyday life. This way of conducting the research, with considerations for the interests of three stakeholder groups in two autonomic centers with proven experience regarding the needs of our patient groups, highlights the importance of obtained results.

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          A technique for the measurement of attitudes

          R Likert, R. LIKERT, RA Likert … (1932)
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            Assessing Acceptance of Assistive Social Agent Technology by Older Adults: the Almere Model

            Ben Kröse, Marcel Heerink, Bob Wielinga … (2010)
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              Acceptance of Healthcare Robots for the Older Population: Review and Future Directions

              E Broadbent, R. Stafford, B. MacDonald (2009)
              Article 0 comments Cited 174 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Agnieszka Korchut: URI : http://frontiersin.org/people/u/410849
                Sebastian Szklener: URI : http://frontiersin.org/people/u/440975
                Carla Abdelnour: URI : http://frontiersin.org/people/u/411303
                Natalia Tantinya: URI : http://frontiersin.org/people/u/441001
                Joan Hernández-Farigola: URI : http://frontiersin.org/people/u/440978
                Katarzyna Grabowska-Aleksandrowicz: URI : http://frontiersin.org/people/u/441104
                Dorota Szczęśniak-Stańczyk: URI : http://frontiersin.org/people/u/441103
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Neurol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Neurol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Neurol.
                Title: Frontiers in Neurology
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-2295
                Publication date (Electronic): 01 June 2017
                Publication date Collection: 2017
                Volume: 8
                Electronic Location Identifier: 228
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
                [2] 2Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundacio ACE, Institut Catala de Neurociencies Aplicades , Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
                [3] 3Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
                [4] 4Medical Research Center Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw, Poland
                Author notes

                Edited by: Irving E. Vega, Michigan State University, United States

                Reviewed by: Francesco Becchi, Telerobot labs s.r.l., Italy; Constança Paúl, University of Porto, Portugal

                *Correspondence: Agnieszka Korchut, agnieszka.korchut@ 123456umlub.pl

                Specialty section: This article was submitted to Neurodegeneration, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neurology

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00228
                PMC ID: 5451499
                PubMed ID: 28620342
                SO-VID: e32227dc-4752-46ee-840d-31702dba172c
                Copyright © Copyright © 2017 Korchut, Szklener, Abdelnour, Tantinya, Hernández-Farigola, Ribes, Skrobas, Grabowska-Aleksandrowicz, Szczęśniak-Stańczyk and Rejdak.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 31 January 2017
                Date accepted : 11 May 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 8, Equations: 0, References: 74, Pages: 12, Words: 10485
                Funding
                Funded by: Horizon 2020 10.13039/501100007601
                Award ID: 643433
                Categories
                Subject: Neuroscience
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology
                Keywords: service robots,mild cognitive impairment,alzheimer’s disease,user requirements,robotic assistant
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurology
                Keywords: service robots, mild cognitive impairment, alzheimer’s disease, user requirements, robotic assistant

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