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      Tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello en pacientes pediátricos Translated title: Malignant head and neck tumors in pediatric patients

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: Los tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello incluyen varios subtipos histológicos y el pronóstico depende de su ubicación anatómica. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas y el tratamiento de pacientes pediátricos con tumores malignos de cabeza y cuello. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo realizado en el servicio de Oncopediatría del Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología, desde el 1ro. de enero de 2005 al 31 de diciembre de 2017. Se registraron variables demográficas, clínicas y terapéuticas. Se identificaron los pacientes a partir de las bases de datos del registro hospitalario del citado instituto. Se seleccionaron todos los pacientes con tumores de cabeza y cuello que tuvieron diagnóstico histológico. Resultados: Se identificaron 73 pacientes, con ligero predominio del sexo femenino (60,3 %), con una edad media de 12 años (rango entre 0 y 18 años). El tipo histológico más frecuente fue el carcinoma tiroideo (35,6 %), seguido de los rabdomiosarcomas (27,3 %). El tratamiento más utilizado fue la cirugía (38,3 %) seguido de la combinación de cirugía más radioterapia y quimioterapia (22,0 %). Conclusiones: El tumor maligno de cabeza y cuello más frecuente en pacientes pediátricos es el carcinoma tiroideo. El tratamiento de elección es la resección total, acompañado de radioterapia y quimioterapia, dependiendo del tipo histológico y la etapa clínica.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Malignant tumors of the head and neck include several histological subtypes and the prognosis depends on their anatomical location. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and treatment of patients diagnosed with malignant head and neck tumors. Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was carried out from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2017 at the Oncopediatrics service in the National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, according to demographic, clinical and therapeutic variables. Patients were identified from the databases of the hospital registry of the above mentioned institute. All patients with head and neck tumors that had a histological diagnosis were selected. Results: 73 patients were identified, with a slight predominance of females (60.3%), with a mean age of 12 years (range between 0 and 18 years). The most frequent histological type was thyroid carcinoma (35.6%), followed by rhabdomyosarcomas (27.3%). The most used treatment was surgery (38.3%) followed by the combination of surgery plus radiotherapy and chemotherapy (22%). Conclusions: Tumors of the head and neck are infrequent. The treatment of choice is total resection, accompanied by radiotherapy and chemotherapy, depending on the histological type and the clinical stage.

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          Most cited references19

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          Pediatric Thyroid Cancer Incidence and Mortality Trends in the United States, 1973-2013

          This study examines the trends in incidence rates of pediatric thyroid cancer in the United States from 1973 to 2013 by demographic and tumor characteristics. What are the trends in US pediatric thyroid cancer incidence rates? In this cross-sectional study of 1806 pediatric patients with thyroid cancer diagnosed from 1973 to 2013, the annual percent change in pediatric thyroid cancer incidence increased from 1.1% per year from 1973 to 2006 to 9.5% per year from 2006 to 2013. The findings suggest that the marked increase in pediatric thyroid cancer between 2006 and 2013 was not solely attributable to enhanced detection. The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing by 3% annually. This increase is often thought to be attributable to overdiagnosis in adults. A previous study reported a 1.1% annual increase in the incidence of pediatric thyroid cancer. However, the analysis was limited to the period from 1973 to 2004 and was performed in a linear fashion, which does not account for changes in incidence trends over time. To analyze trends in pediatric thyroid cancer incidence based on demographic and tumor characteristics at diagnosis. This cross-sectional study included individuals younger than 20 years who had a diagnosis of thyroid cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 9 database from 1973 to 2013. Cases of thyroid cancer were identified using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition and were categorized by histologic type, stage, and tumor size. Annual percent change (APC) in the incidence rates was calculated using joinpoint regression analysis. Among 1806 patients included in the analysis, 1454 (80.5%) were female and 1503 (83.2%) were white; most patients were aged 15 to 19 years. The overall incidence rates of thyroid cancer increased annually from 0.48 per 100 000 person-years in 1973 to 1.14 per 100 000 person-years in 2013. Incidence rates gradually increased from 1973 to 2006 (APC, 1.11%; 95% CI, 0.56%-1.67%) and then markedly increased from 2006 to 2013 (APC, 9.56%; 95% CI, 5.09%-14.22%). The incidence rates of large tumors (>20 mm) gradually increased from 1983 to 2006 (APC, 2.23%; 95% CI, 0.93%-3.54%) and then markedly increased from 2006 to 2013 (APC, 8.84%; 95% CI, 3.20%-14.79%); these rates were not significantly different from incidence rates of small (1-20 mm) tumors. The incidence rates of regionally extended thyroid cancer gradually increased from 1973 to 2006 (APC, 1.44%; 95% CI, 0.68%-2.21%) and then markedly increased from 2006 to 2013 (APC, 11.16%; 95% CI, 5.26%-17.40%); these rates were not significantly different from the incidence rates of localized disease. The incidence rates of pediatric thyroid cancer increased more rapidly from 2006 to 2013 than from 1973 to 2006. The findings suggest that there may be a co-occurring increase in thyroid cancer in the pediatric population in addition to enhanced detection.
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            Rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck in children: review and update.

            To review the clinical presentation, histology, staging, treatment modalities, and survival for pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma (non-orbital).
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              Head and Neck Salivary Gland Carcinomas—Elective Neck Dissection, Yes or No?

              Surgical resection and subsequent neck dissection (ND) in cases of clinically positive lymph nodes is an accepted primary treatment strategy for salivary gland carcinomas. Because of uncertainty in the extent of lymphogenic metastasis, the authors advocate a strategy of surgical resection and elective ND (END) for all patients. The authors evaluated their treatment by estimating the frequency of metastatic disease and identifying factors associated with an increased risk for metastatic disease.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ped
                Revista Cubana de Pediatría
                Rev Cubana Pediatr
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana, , Cuba )
                0034-7531
                1561-3119
                December 2019
                : 91
                : 4
                : e789
                Affiliations
                [2] La Habana orgnameInstituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología (INOR) orgdiv1Departamento de Radioterapia Cuba
                [1] La Habana orgnamenstituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología (INOR) orgdiv1Servicio Oncopediatría Cuba
                Article
                S0034-75312019000400005 S0034-7531(19)09100400005
                e3f36ff2-fad2-4d11-825d-dfd379118fe1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 July 2019
                : 25 December 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                quimioterapia,chemotherapy,head and neck tumors,tumores de cabeza y cuello,radiotherapy,radioterapia

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