69
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Distinguishing PTSD, Complex PTSD, and Borderline Personality Disorder: A latent class analysis

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          There has been debate regarding whether Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Complex PTSD) is distinct from Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) when the latter is comorbid with PTSD.

          Objective

          To determine whether the patterns of symptoms endorsed by women seeking treatment for childhood abuse form classes that are consistent with diagnostic criteria for PTSD, Complex PTSD, and BPD.

          Method

          A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted on an archival dataset of 280 women with histories of childhood abuse assessed for enrollment in a clinical trial for PTSD.

          Results

          The LCA revealed four distinct classes of individuals: a Low Symptom class characterized by low endorsements on all symptoms; a PTSD class characterized by elevated symptoms of PTSD but low endorsement of symptoms that define the Complex PTSD and BPD diagnoses; a Complex PTSD class characterized by elevated symptoms of PTSD and self-organization symptoms that defined the Complex PTSD diagnosis but low on the symptoms of BPD; and a BPD class characterized by symptoms of BPD. Four BPD symptoms were found to greatly increase the odds of being in the BPD compared to the Complex PTSD class: frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, unstable sense of self, unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, and impulsiveness.

          Conclusions

          Findings supported the construct validity of Complex PTSD as distinguishable from BPD. Key symptoms that distinguished between the disorders were identified, which may aid in differential diagnosis and treatment planning.

          Related collections

          Most cited references14

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Assessment of social adjustment by patient self-report.

          Current emphasis on early case finding, outpatient care, and on longitudinal studies of asymptomatic patients has focused attention on the community adjustment of psychiatric patients. Thus, simple and inexpensive methods such as self-report scales, which allow the routine assessment of patient adjustment, are potentially useful. The derivation and testing of such a method, the Social Adjustment Scale Self-Report, is described. This scale covers the patient's role performance, interpersonal relationships, friction, feelings and satisfaction in work, and social and leisure activities with the extended family, as a spouse, parent, and member of a family unit. Self-report results based on 76 depressed outpatients were comparable to those obtained from relatives as well as by a rater who interviewed the patient directly.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Treatment for PTSD related to childhood abuse: a randomized controlled trial.

            Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to childhood abuse is associated with features of affect regulation and interpersonal disturbances that substantially contribute to impairment. Existing treatments do not address these problems or the difficulties they may pose in the exploration of trauma memories, an efficacious and frequently recommended approach to resolving PTSD. The authors evaluated the benefits and risks of a treatment combining an initial preparatory phase of skills training in affect and interpersonal regulation (STAIR) followed by exposure by comparing it against two control conditions: Supportive Counseling followed by Exposure (Support/Exposure) and skills training followed by Supportive Counseling (STAIR/Support). Participants were women with PTSD related to childhood abuse (N=104) who were randomly assigned to the STAIR/Exposure condition, Support/Exposure condition (exposure comparator), or STAIR/Support condition (skills comparator) and assessed at posttreatment, 3 months, and 6 months. The STAIR/Exposure group was more likely to achieve sustained and full PTSD remission relative to the exposure comparator, while the skills comparator condition fell in the middle (27% versus 13% versus 0%). STAIR/Exposure produced greater improvements in emotion regulation than the exposure comparator and greater improvements in interpersonal problems than both conditions. The STAIR/Exposure dropout rate was lower than the rate for the exposure comparator and similar to the rate for the skills comparator. There were significantly lower session-to-session PTSD symptoms during the exposure phase in the STAIR/Exposure condition than in the Support/Exposure condition. STAIR/Exposure was associated with fewer cases of PTSD worsening relative to both of the other two conditions. For a PTSD population with chronic and early-life trauma, a phase-based skills-to-exposure treatment was associated with greater benefits and fewer adverse effects than treatments that excluded either skills training or exposure.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Cognitive Behavior Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder.

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Eur J Psychotraumatol
                Eur J Psychotraumatol
                EJPT
                European Journal of Psychotraumatology
                Co-Action Publishing
                2000-8198
                2000-8066
                15 September 2014
                2014
                : 5
                : 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25097
                Affiliations
                [1 ]National Center for PTSD, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
                [2 ]Department of Psychiatry and Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, USA
                [3 ]Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
                [4 ]School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence to: Marylène Cloitre, National Center for PTSD Dissemination and Training Division, VAPAHCS, 795 Willow Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA, Email: Marylene.cloitre@ 123456nyumc.org
                Article
                25097
                10.3402/ejpt.v5.25097
                4165723
                25279111
                e49fa8db-fa16-4f4c-8001-fb82fc1ad43d
                © 2014 Marylène Cloitre et al.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 03 June 2014
                : 22 July 2014
                : 18 August 2014
                Categories
                Clinical Research Article

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                complex ptsd,posttraumatic stress disorder,borderline personality disorder,who,icd-11

                Comments

                Comment on this article