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Abstract
<p class="first" id="d11123003e110">This article provides an update on the global
cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020
estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for
Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million
excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths (9.9 million
excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) occurred in 2020. Female breast cancer has surpassed
lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, with an estimated 2.3 million new
cases (11.7%), followed by lung (11.4%), colorectal (10.0 %), prostate (7.3%), and
stomach (5.6%) cancers. Lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death, with
an estimated 1.8 million deaths (18%), followed by colorectal (9.4%), liver (8.3%),
stomach (7.7%), and female breast (6.9%) cancers. Overall incidence was from 2-fold
to 3-fold higher in transitioned versus transitioning countries for both sexes, whereas
mortality varied <2-fold for men and little for women. Death rates for female breast
and cervical cancers, however, were considerably higher in transitioning versus transitioned
countries (15.0 vs 12.8 per 100,000 and 12.4 vs 5.2 per 100,000, respectively). The
global cancer burden is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47% rise from
2020, with a larger increase in transitioning (64% to 95%) versus transitioned (32%
to 56%) countries due to demographic changes, although this may be further exacerbated
by increasing risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts
to build a sustainable infrastructure for the dissemination of cancer prevention measures
and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries is critical for global cancer
control.
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