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      Tissues-based chemical profiling and semi-quantitative analysis of bioactive components in the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge by using laser microdissection system combined with UPLC-q-TOF-MS

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          Abstract

          Background

          The dry root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese) is an used-widely traditional Chinese herbal medicine with and promising efficacy. This herbal plant has been extensively cultivated in China. Currently, people usually rely on its morphological features to evalaute its pharmaceutical quality. In this study, laser micro-dissection system (LMD) was applied to isolate single fresh tissue of root of S. miltiorrhiza. Under fluorescent microscopic model, five tissues namely cork, cortex, phloem, xylem ray and vessel were well recognized and isolated accurately by LMD, respectively and then the distribution pattern of the major bioactive compounds in various tissues was investigated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time of flight-mass spectrometry, which aims to validate the traditional experience on evaluating pharmaceutical quality of Danshen by morphological features.

          Results

          Total 62 chemical peak signals were captured and 58 compounds including 33 tanshinones, 23 salvianolic acids and 2 others were identified or tentatively characterized in micro-dissection tissues. Further semi-quantitative analysis indicated that the bioactive components such as tanshinones and salvianolic acids were mainly enriched in cork tissue.

          Conclusion

          In the present study, analysis of metabolic profile in different tissues of roots of S. miltiorrhiza is reported for the first time. The distribution pattern of major bioactive components could enable medicinal vendors and consumers to relatively determine the pharmaceutical quality of Danshen by morphological features.

          Graphical abstract

          Tissues-based chemical profiling of Danshen

          Electronic supplementary material

          The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13065-016-0187-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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          Most cited references20

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          Polyphenolics of Salvia--a review.

          Salvia is an important genus widely cultivated and used in flavouring and folk medicines. The genus has attracted great interest so much so that it has been the subject of numerous chemical studies. It is a rich source of polyphenols, with an excess of 160 polyphenols having been identified, some of which are unique to the genus. A large number of these polyphenolic compounds are apparently constructed from the caffeic acid building block via a variety of condensation reactions. The nature of these polyphenols which have been reported is compiled in this report together with some bioactivity data in an effort to show the rapid development in the phytochemistry and the therapeutic applications of the Salvia species.
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            Development of the fingerprints for the quality of the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its related preparations by HPLC-DAD and LC–MSn

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              Detection, characterization and identification of phenolic acids in Danshen using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

              By using HPLC-diode array detection-electrospray ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n)) in negative ion mode, we have analyzed the fragmentation pathways of 11 phenolic acids which were isolated from Danshen. Then the extract of Danshen was analyzed, and a total of 42 phenolic acids, including sixteen new minor constituents, were identified or tentatively identified for the first time. A new solid-phase extraction (SPE) method, new HPLC separation method, new liquid chromatography (LC)-MS and LC-MS(n) (n=3-5) data and proposed fragmentation pathways, LC retention time for phenolic acids are reported.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                279003437@qq.com
                zhanghj@hkbu.edu.hk
                zengjianguo@hunau.net
                hbchen@hkbu.edu.hk
                +852 3411 2424 , zzzhao@hkbu.edu.hk
                +852 3411 8066 , lzt23@hkbu.edu.hk
                Journal
                Chem Cent J
                Chem Cent J
                Chemistry Central Journal
                Springer International Publishing (Cham )
                1752-153X
                13 July 2016
                13 July 2016
                2016
                : 10
                : 42
                Affiliations
                [ ]School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region People’s Republic of China
                [ ]Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and National Chinese Medicinal Herbs Hunan Technology Center, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
                Article
                187
                10.1186/s13065-016-0187-7
                4944434
                27418946
                e53f2867-f84e-4417-83ef-686bd14edb82
                © The Author(s) 2016

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 11 April 2016
                : 20 June 2016
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of the People’s Republic of China
                Award ID: 81303219
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Innovation and Technology Fund
                Award ID: ITS/185/13FX
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Research Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2016

                Chemistry
                tanshinones,salvianolic acids,salvia miltiorrhiza bunge,tissues-based analysis,pharmaceutical quality evaluation

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