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      Tratamiento quirúrgico de la escoliosis del adulto: Cinco años de seguimiento promedio Translated title: Surgical treatment for adult scoliosis: Five-year follow-up

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          Abstract

          Introducción: Evaluar los resultados alejados en un grupo de pacientes adultos tratados por escoliosis del adulto. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte prospectivo sobre una serie consecutiva de 88 pacientes mayores de 21 años tratados quirúrgicamente por escoliosis del adulto en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires entre el mes de septiembre de 1993 y enero de 2007. Resultados: De los 88 pacientes, 77 completaron el seguimiento clínico. El 81% eran mujeres, la edad promedio fue de 58 años y el seguimiento promedio, de 5 años. El dolor fue la indicación de cirugía en el 85% de la serie. El 87,5% completó el cuestionario SRS posoperatorio con una mediana de puntaje promedio de 3,8. En el análisis radiológico el 60% de las curvas fueron de origen idiopático, 38% fueron de origen degenerativo y 2% de origen traumático. Según el método de Cobb, la mediana preoperatoria de las curvas en el plano coronal fue de 45º. En el posoperatorio se obtuvo una mediana de 20º, con un 57% de corrección. Todos los pacientes fueron operados por vía posterior, complementando con abordaje anterior en 29%. El índice de complicaciones fue del 54%. Conclusiones: El tratamiento quirúrgico de los pacientes adultos con escoliosis se asocia a buenos resultados clínicos y altos índices de satisfacción, aun después de un tiempo alejado de seguimiento.

          Translated abstract

          Background: To assess patient outcomes after surgery for adult scoliosis using traditional radiographic parameters along with SRS outcomes' questionnaire. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on a consecutive series of 88 patients older than 21, surgically treated for scoliosis at the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Records and radiographs were reviewed for all patients undergoing surgery for adult scoliosis between September 1993 and January 2007. Additionally, an SRS 22 questionnaire was administered to these patients at a minimum 2-year follow up assesment. Results:Of the 88 patients, 77 completed the clinical follow up. Eighty one percent were women, average age was 58, and average follow-up was five years. In 85% of the patients, surgery was indicated because of pain. The average preoperative major curve was 45°; and the average postoperative measurement was 20° for a correction of 57%. While 100% of the cases were treated through a posterior approach, 29% were anteroposterior. There were 54% complications. The SRS questionnaire was administered to 87.5% of the patients with an average rating of 3.8. Satisfaction with the results of surgery was reported at 83%. Conclusions: Surgery for adult scoliosis provides significant clinical and radiographic improvement and patient satisfaction, even after long term evaluation.

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          The impact of positive sagittal balance in adult spinal deformity.

          This study is a retrospective review of 752 patients with adult spinal deformity enrolled in a multicenter prospective database in 2002 and 2003. Patients with positive sagittal balance (N = 352) were further evaluated regarding radiographic parameters and health status measures, including the Scoliosis Research Society patient questionnaire, MOS short form-12, and Oswestry Disability Index. To examine patients with adult deformity with positive sagittal balance to define parameters within that group that might differentially predict clinical impact. In a multicenter study of 298 adults with spinal deformity, positive sagittal balance was identified as the radiographic parameter most highly correlated with adverse health status outcomes. Radiographic evaluation was performed according to a standardized protocol for 36-inch standing radiographs. Magnitude of positive sagittal balance and regional sagittal Cobb angle measures were recorded. Statistical correlation between radiographic parameters and health status measures were performed. Potentially confounding variables were assessed. Positive sagittal balance was identified in 352 patients. The C7 plumb line deviation ranged from 1 to 271 mm. All measures of health status showed significantly poorer scores as C7 plumb line deviation increased. Patients with relative kyphosis in the lumbar region had significantly more disability than patients with normal or lordotic lumbar sagittal Cobb measures. This study shows that although even mildly positive sagittal balance is somewhat detrimental, severity of symptoms increases in a linear fashion with progressive sagittal imbalance. The results also show that kyphosis is more favorable in the upper thoracic region but very poorly tolerated in the lumbar spine.
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            The impact of perioperative complications on clinical outcome in adult deformity surgery.

            Retrospective case-control series. The purpose of this study is to determine whether perioperative complications alter subsequent clinical outcome measures in adult spinal deformity surgery. Increasingly, the benefit of surgical intervention is being evaluated based on patient reported outcomes and standardized health related quality of life (HRQOL) measures. As improvement or deterioration in HRQOL scores becomes a standard for clinical evaluation in adult spinal deformity, the correlation between HRQOL outcome scores and historic benchmarks, such as curve correction, sagittal balance, fusion healing, or the occurrence of a complication, must be clarified. This study analyzes a prospective multicenter data base for adult spinal deformity. Patients with major, minor, and no complications were matched using a logistic regression technique producing 46 patients in each group. Standardized outcome measures at baseline and at 1 year postop were compared. Forty-seven major complications were reported in 46 patients. Sixty-two minor complications were noted in 46 patients. Comparison between the 3 complication groups revealed that 1-year postoperative outcome measures were not statistically different for the Scoliosis Research Society Outcomes Instrument, Medical Outcomes Short Form-36 (SF-12), Oswestry Disability Index, or Numerical Pain Scales. The only significant interaction was in the rate of change from preop to 1-year postop for the SF-12 general health subscale. For the group with major complications, SF-12 general health deteriorated by 2.1 points from preop to 1-year postop. During the same period, the group with minor complications experienced an improvement of 4.2 points and the group with no complications experienced an improvement of 1.5 points. This study suggests that risk for minor complications may be a less substantial obstacle than previously assumed for surgical treatment in adult spinal deformity. In contrast, major complications were reported in approximately 10% of cases and adversely affected outcome as evidenced by the deterioration in SF-12 general health scores at 1 year after surgery.
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              Results of surgical treatment of painful adult scoliosis.

              In a consecutive clinical series, using before and after treatment measures, outcome was evaluated in adults with pain and scoliosis who underwent spinal fusion. This outcome study tested the hypothesis that adult scoliosis patients with chief complaints of pain can have good results, reflected in decreased pain and increased activity postoperatively, when surgical intervention is based not only on analysis of structural deformity, but also on comprehensive evaluation of pain-producing pathology. Twenty-eight adults with idiopathic scoliosis and 25 adults with degenerative scoliosis treated with spinal fusion were followed prospectively for 2 to 7 years. All patients had chief complaints of pain and underwent comprehensive evaluations of pain-producing pathology, as well as evaluations of structural deformity. Before initial evaluations, patients completed questionnaires including pain rating, activity level specifically related to standing, sitting, and walking tolerances, ability to work, and period of disability. At a minimum of 24 months postop, patients completed confidential questionnaires seeking report of pain, activity, and work status. These data were compared to responses obtained before surgery. Pseudoarthroses were assessed by superimposed flexion/extension films. The pseudoarthrosis rate was 17.5%, all occurring in patients fused to the sacrum in single posterior procedures. Pain relief was associated with solid fusion (P = .02). Reported pain reduction was 80% among patients with idiopathic scoliosis and 70% among patients with degenerative scoliosis. Improved sitting and walking tolerances were seen in patients with idiopathic scoliosis, and improved standing and walking were seen in patients with degenerative scoliosis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                raaot
                Revista de la Asociación Argentina de Ortopedia y Traumatología
                Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol.
                Asociación Argentina de Ortopedia y Traumatología (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                1852-7434
                December 2011
                : 76
                : 4
                : 281-287
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameHospital Italiano de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Instituto de Ortopedia y Traumatología Prof. Dr. Carlos E. Ottolenghi
                Article
                S1852-74342011000400001 S1852-7434(11)07600400001
                e54d96b7-5447-4794-aa49-33360adef21a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 March 2010
                : 02 August 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 6, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Surgery,Tratamiento quirúrgico,Evaluación funcional,Adults,Outcomes,Scoliosis,Escoliosis del adulto

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