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      Experience of nursing students about the barriers to patient education: a qualitative study in Iran

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          Abstract

          Purpose

          Patient education is a dynamic and continuous process that should be implemented during the entire time of hospital stay and even afterward. Studies have shown the typically poor quality of patient education in Iran and its failure to convey the required knowledge and skills to patients. The purpose of this study was to survey the experience of nursing students in regard to the challenges of patient education in hospitals.

          Methods

          This qualitative study was conducted using the conventional qualitative content analysis approach on a sample of 21 undergraduate nursing students (4th semester and beyond), which was drawn from the Qom Nursing and Midwifery School through purposive sampling with maximum variation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted over a period of 45 to 75 minutes, and were analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis.

          Results

          Results were derived from the experiences of 21 nursing students (nine males, 12 females) about the research subject. The primary themes identified in the study were the student-related, patient-related, instructor-related, education environment-related, and curriculum-related barriers to patient educations.

          Conclusion

          Participants believed that patient education in Iranian hospitals is faced with many challenges. Nursing instructors and curriculum planners should ensure more emphasis on patient education at the initial semesters of nursing education curriculum and make sure that it is included in the evaluation of students. Hospital officials should provide a dedicated education environment with suitable facilities, tools, and atmosphere for patient education. Also, special education programs need to be developed for less educated patients.

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          Most cited references22

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          Factors Related to Self-Care in Heart Failure Patients According to the Middle-Range Theory of Self-Care of Chronic Illness: a Literature Update

          Purpose of the Review As described in the theory of self-care in chronic illness, there is a wide range of factors that can influence self-care behavior. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the recent heart failure literature on these related factors in order to provide an overview on which factors might be suitable to be considered to make self-care interventions more successful. Recent Findings Recent studies in heart failure patients confirm that factors described in the theory of self-care of chronic illness are relevant for heart failure patients. Summary Experiences and skills, motivation, habits, cultural beliefs and values, functional and cognitive abilities, confidence, and support and access to care are all important to consider when developing or improving interventions for patients with heart failure and their families. Additional personal and contextual factors that might influence self-care need to be explored and included in future studies and theory development efforts.
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            The crucial role of patient education in heart failure.

            Deterioration of heart failure causes and complicates many hospital admissions in people aged over 65 years. Frequent readmissions cause an immense burden on the individual, the family and the health care system. Heart failure management programmes, in which patient education is an important component, have been shown to be effective in improving self-care and reducing readmissions. This paper reviews the literature on the education of patients with heart failure. The paper addresses the level of knowledge in patients with heart failure, barriers to learning, learning needs, educational methods, goals and how the effects of patient education can be evaluated. Many patients had low levels of knowledge and lacked a clear understanding of heart failure and self-care. Educational interventions need to be designed specifically for elderly patients and need to target barriers to learning such as functional and cognitive limitations, misconceptions, low motivation and self-esteem. Health care professionals need to be skilled in assessing the requirements and level of education given to the individual. New technologies such as computer-based education and telemonitoring can be used as tools to improve the education. Patient education is an important component of heart failure care and should be provided through effective and well-evaluated strategies.
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              Language Differences as a Barrier to Quality and Safety in Health Care: The Joint Commission Perspective

              Effective communication with patients is critical to the safety and quality of care. Barriers to this communication include differences in language, cultural differences, and low health literacy. Evidence-based practices that reduce these barriers must be integrated into, rather than just added to, health care work processes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Korean J Med Educ
                Korean J Med Educ
                KJME
                Korean Journal of Medical Education
                Korean Society of Medical Education
                2005-727X
                2005-7288
                December 2018
                1 December 2018
                : 30
                : 4
                : 327-337
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
                [2 ]Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
                [3 ]Community Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
                Author notes
                Corresponding Author: Reza Masoudi ( https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-0550) Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IR Iran Tel: +98.38.33335648 Fax: +98.38.33336699 email: masoodi1383@ 123456yahoo.com
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1698-5281
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-2315
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-0550
                Article
                kjme-2018-107
                10.3946/kjme.2018.107
                6288616
                30522261
                e5a35252-8e59-4ece-8810-3afa311b1847
                © The Korean Society of Medical Education. All rights reserved.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 13 February 2018
                : 16 March 2018
                : 13 May 2018
                Categories
                Original Research

                patient education as topic,nursing students,qualitative research,iran

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