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Abstract
This study presents PKSolver, a freely available menu-driven add-in program for Microsoft
Excel written in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), for solving basic problems in
pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data analysis. The program provides
a range of modules for PK and PD analysis including noncompartmental analysis (NCA),
compartmental analysis (CA), and pharmacodynamic modeling. Two special built-in modules,
multiple absorption sites (MAS) and enterohepatic circulation (EHC), were developed
for fitting the double-peak concentration-time profile based on the classical one-compartment
model. In addition, twenty frequently used pharmacokinetic functions were encoded
as a macro and can be directly accessed in an Excel spreadsheet. To evaluate the program,
a detailed comparison of modeling PK data using PKSolver and professional PK/PD software
package WinNonlin and Scientist was performed. The results showed that the parameters
estimated with PKSolver were satisfactory. In conclusion, the PKSolver simplified
the PK and PD data analysis process and its output could be generated in Microsoft
Word in the form of an integrated report. The program provides pharmacokinetic researchers
with a fast and easy-to-use tool for routine and basic PK and PD data analysis with
a more user-friendly interface.
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