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      Alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout does not alter the properties of porcine extracellular matrix bioscaffolds.

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          Abstract

          Extracellular matrix (ECM) bioscaffolds, such as porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS) and urinary bladder matrix (UBM), have been successfully used to improve soft tissue healing. Yet they contain plenty of galactose α1,3 galactose (αGal) epitopes, which cause rejection responses in pig organ transplantation to human. Recently, ECM bioscaffolds derived from genetically modified pigs that are αGal-deficient (αGal(-)) have become available. To ensure that the ECM bioscaffolds from these pigs can be used as alternatives, we examined their morphological, bioactive and biomechanical properties and compared them with those from the wild-type pigs (n=5 per group). Morphologically, the αGal(-) ECMs were found to be similar to the wild-type ECMs in gross observation and matrix appearance with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Growth factors commonly known to be present in ECM bioscaffolds, including FGF-2, TGF-β1, VEGF, IGF-1 and PDGF-BB, also showed no significant differences in terms of quantity (p>0.05) and distribution in tissue from the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, a bromodeoxyuridine cell proliferation assay confirmed the bioactivity of the extracts from the αGal(-) bioscaffolds to be similar to the wild-type bioscaffolds. Under uniaxial tensile testing, no significant differences were found between the αGal(-) and wild-type bioscaffolds in terms of their viscoelastic and mechanical properties (p>0.05). These multidisciplinary results suggest that genetic modification to eliminate the αGal epitopes in the ECM bioscaffolds had not altered the properties of these ECM bioscaffolds and, as such, they should retain their performance in tissue engineering in humans.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Acta Biomater
          Acta biomaterialia
          1878-7568
          1742-7061
          Apr 2011
          : 7
          : 4
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
          Article
          S1742-7061(11)00002-X
          10.1016/j.actbio.2011.01.001
          21216306
          e621efbc-d6d8-4760-b6a8-67b91e2a2114
          Copyright © 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
          History

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