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      Insulin eye drops for treating corneal ulcer in a non-diabetic patient: regarding a case Translated title: Insulina tópica en el tratamiento de úlcera corneal refractaria en un paciente no diabético: a propósito de un caso

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          Abstract

          Abstract Corneal ulcers are included in a heterogeneous group of eye injuries. When patients do not respond to treatment, including even corneal transplant, other alternatives need to be explored. We present a case of a patient who suffered an accidental spillage from the contents of a car battery. This corneal lesion was refractory to both surgical and pharmacological treatment. After four years of a persistent ulcer, insulin topical treatment 50 IU/mL was started. Improvement began to be observed and currently the patient has completely recovered the corneal epithelium. Nowadays, evidence of the topical insulin use for the treatment of corneal ulcers is higher in diabetic patients. In non-diabetic patients, evidence is restricted to a series of cases of neurotrophic corneal ulcers and a case report of a patient who presented a persistent epithelial defect after resection of a neurinoma. This case presents the experience of using an insulin drop formulation with effectiveness and absence of toxicity in a patient non-diabetic with a post-caustic corneal ulcer.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen Las úlceras corneales se incluyen dentro de un grupo heterogéneo de lesiones oculares, las cuales pueden ser de gravedad variable. Cuando los pacientes no responden al tratamiento, incluyendo incluso el trasplante corneal, se crea la necesidad de explorar otras alternativas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente que sufrió una salpicadura ocular del contenido de una batería de automóvil por accidente. Esta lesión corneal, fue refractaria al tratamiento farmacológico e incluso quirúrgico. Tras cuatro años de persistencia de la úlcera corneal, se inició un tratamiento tópico con insulina 50 UI/ml. Se observó mejoría de forma evidente y actualmente el paciente ha recuperado completamente el epitelio corneal. Hoy en día, las evidencias disponibles del uso tópico de la insulina para el tratamiento de las úlceras corneales se centran en pacientes diabéticos. En los pacientes no diabéticos, la evidencia se limita a una serie de casos de úlceras neurotróficas corneales y al caso de un paciente que presentó un defecto epitelial persistente después de la resección de un neurinoma. Este caso, presenta la experiencia de uso de una formulación magistral de insulina oftálmica con eficacia y ausencia de toxicidad en un paciente no diabético con una úlcera corneal post-cáustica resistente al resto de tratamientos.

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          Most cited references9

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          Use of topical insulin to normalize corneal epithelial healing in diabetes mellitus.

          To determine whether topical application of insulin normalizes delayed corneal wound healing in rats with diabetes mellitus (DB). Diabetes mellitus was induced with streptozocin. A 5-mm corneal abrasion at 9 or 11 weeks was treated topically for 7 days (4 times daily) with 1, 2, or 5 U of insulin or with sterile vehicle (SV). Residual corneal epithelial defects of rats with DB receiving SV (hereafter called DB SV rats or animals) were approximately 35% larger than in healthy animals receiving SV (hereafter called healthy SV rats or animals). Rats with DB receiving topical insulin had wounds ranging from 19% to 60% smaller than DB SV rats, corresponding to wound sizes in healthy SV rats. Topical insulin had no effect on reepithelialization of corneal wounds in healthy SV rats. Insulin did not affect corneal thickness, ocular pressure, or serum glucose level. The corneal sensitivity of DB SV rats was markedly reduced from healthy SV rats, but rats with DB given insulin had corneal sensitivity values comparable to the healthy SV group. DNA synthesis was decreased in DB SV corneal epithelium but was comparable to that in healthy SV rats after they received insulin; apoptosis and necrosis levels were similar in all groups. Topical insulin normalizes corneal reepithelialization in diabetic rats. Direct application of insulin may serve as an important strategy for treating diabetic keratopathy.
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            The use of topical insulin to treat refractory neurotrophic corneal ulcers

            Purpose To report the clinical course of 6 patients with refractory neurotrophic corneal ulcers that were treated with topical insulin drops. Methods Retrospective chart review of patients who had neurotrophic corneal ulcers or epithelial defects refractory to standard medical and surgical treatment. Insulin drops, prepared by mixing regular insulin in artificial tears with a polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol base at a concentration of 1 unit per mL, were prescribed 2–3 times daily. Results Six patients, 2 to 73 years of age, developed neurotrophic corneal ulcers refractory to a range of medical and surgical treatments, including bandage contact lens, amniotic membrane grafting and permanent tarsorrhaphy. Each patient was started on topical insulin drops with complete corneal re-epithelialization within 7 to 25 days. Conclusion Topical insulin may be a simple and effective treatment for refractory neurotrophic corneal ulcers. Further study is needed to determine the clinical efficacy and side effect profile of insulin drops.
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              Randomized Controlled Trial of Topical Insulin for Healing Corneal Epithelial Defects Induced During Vitreoretinal Surgery in Diabetics.

              To determine the effect of topical insulin of 3 concentrations [0.5, 1, and 2 units per drop 4 times per day (QID)] on postoperative corneal epithelial wound healing in diabetic patients.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                fh
                Farmacia Hospitalaria
                Farm Hosp.
                Grupo Aula Médica (Toledo, Toledo, Spain )
                1130-6343
                2171-8695
                December 2020
                : 44
                : 6
                : 297-299
                Affiliations
                [1] Sevilla orgnameHospital Universitario Virgen de Valme orgdiv1Pharmacy Department Spain
                [2] Sevilla orgnameHospital Universitario Virgen de Valme orgdiv1Ophthalmology Department Spain
                Article
                S1130-63432020000600007 S1130-6343(20)04400600007
                10.7399/fh.11521
                33156748
                e639ed8b-8d7e-455b-a177-14549f1ed717

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 July 2020
                : 03 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 9, Pages: 3
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Clinical Case

                Corneal ulcer,Oftalmología,Administración oftálmica,Colirio,Insulina,Úlcera corneal,Ophthalmology,Ophtalmic administration,Eye drops,Insulin

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