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      IBUPROFEN-INDUCED ASEPTIC MENINGITIS: A CASE REPORT Translated title: MENINGITE ASSÉPTICA INDUZIDA POR IBUPROFENO: UM CASO CLÍNICO

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          ABSTRACT

          Objective:

          To report a case of a male adolescent with the diagnosis of ibuprofen-induced meningitis. We discuss themain causes of drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) and highlight the importance of early recognition of DIAM, sothat the offending drug can be withdrawn, and recurrences prevented. Only few DIAM cases have been reported in pediatric age.

          Case description:

          A healthy 15-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with headache, nausea, dizziness, fever, conjunctival hyperemia and blurred vision 30 minutes after ibuprofen-intake. During his stay, he developed emesis and neck stiffness. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis excluded infectious causes, and DIAM was considered. He totally recovered after drug withdrawal.

          Comments:

          DIAM is a rare entity, that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an aseptic meningitis. The major causative agents are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly ibuprofen. Suspicion is made by the chronologic link between drug intake and the beginning of symptoms, but infectious causes should always be ruled out.

          RESUMO

          Objetivo:

          Descreve-se o caso de um adolescente do sexo masculino com diagnóstico de meningite asséptica por ibuprofeno. Discutem-se as causas de meningite asséptica induzida por medicamentos (MAIM) e a importância do reconhecimento precoce dessa situação, para que a medicação envolvida seja suspensa e as recorrências prevenidas. Poucos casos foram descritos em idade pediátrica.

          Descrição do caso:

          Adolescente de 15 anos, gênero masculino, saudável, procurou o serviço de urgência por cefaleia, náuseas, tonturas, febre, hiperemia conjuntival e visão desfocada 30 minutos após o uso de ibuprofeno. Durante a internação, iniciou vômitos e rigidez na nuca. A análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano excluiu causas infeciosas, e considerou-se como diagnóstico mais provável a MAIM. A recuperação foi total após a suspensão do medicamento.

          Comentários:

          A MAIM é rara, mas deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de meningite asséptica. A principal causa são os anti-inflamatórios não esteroides, principalmente o ibuprofeno. A suspeita clínica é evocada pela relação temporal entre o uso do medicamento e o início dos sintomas, mas as causas infeciosas devem ser sempre excluídas.

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          Most cited references17

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          Aseptic meningitis: diagnosis and management.

          The term aseptic meningitis encompasses all types of inflammations of the brain meninges other than that caused by pus producing organisms. It is usually a benign illness. Etiology of aseptic meningitis is very wide and includes many infections - both viral and non viral, drugs, malignancy and systemic illness. The most common cause is viral infection and enteroviruses - Coxsackie and ECHO viruses account for more than half of all cases. Clinical manifestations include headache, fever, malaise, photophobia and meningeal signs. Convulsions, neurological deficits and severe obtundation are rare except with certain non viral infectious meningitis. Diagnostic work up includes blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination and serology for infectious meningitis. The polymerase chain reaction is a rapid and accurate method for detection of microbial DNA in CSF. Treatment is mainly supportive, except for the nonviral infectious etiology.
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            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            The challenge of drug-induced aseptic meningitis revisited.

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              • Article: not found

              Drug-induced aseptic meningitis: diagnosis and management.

              Drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) has been reported as an uncommon adverse reaction with numerous agents. It is a diagnosis of exclusion, and clinical signs and CSF findings vary greatly. The body of evidence regarding DIAM is largely in the form of anecdotal case reports and must be interpreted carefully bearing this in mind. The major categories of causative agents are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antimicrobials, intravenous immunoglobulin, intrathecal agents, vaccines and a number of other less frequently reported agents. There appears to be an association between DIAM and connective tissue disease, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus, and ibuprofen. There are 2 major proposed mechanisms for DIAM. The first involves direct irritation of the meninges by intrathecal administration of the drug, and the second involves immunological hypersensitivity to the drug, most likely type III and type IV hypersensitivity. Recognition and diagnosis of DIAM is important, as it is treatable by withdrawal of the drug and recurrence is prevented. The outcome of DIAM is generally good, usually without long term sequelae. This article describes the case reports of DIAM in the current literature and discusses the diagnosis and management of this rare complication.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Rev Paul Pediatr
                Rev Paul Pediatr
                rpp
                Revista Paulista de Pediatria
                Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo
                0103-0582
                1984-0462
                03 June 2019
                Jul-Sep 2019
                : 37
                : 3
                : 382-385
                Affiliations
                [a ]Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
                [b ]Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. E-mail: sofia.pires88@ 123456gmail.com (S.A.P. Pires).

                The authors declare no conflict of interests.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-5732
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0167-4280
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5956-0940
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-9458
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8774-0655
                Article
                10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;3;00016
                6868551
                31166468
                e6420218-93dd-4772-835d-69d48164533b

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License

                History
                : 14 January 2018
                : 15 April 2018
                : 21 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 18
                Categories
                Case Reports

                meningitis, aseptic,anti-inflammatory agents, non-steroidal,ibuprofen,adolescent,meningite asséptica,anti-inflamatórios não esteroides,ibuprofeno,adolescente

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