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      Correlates of Suicidal Ideation and/or Behavior in Bariatric-Surgery-Seeking Individuals With Severe Obesity

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          Abstract

          Background: Approximately 10% of severely obese bariatric-surgery-seeking individuals report a lifetime history of suicide attempts, a higher rate than in the general community. Being overweight is associated with weight-related stigma, making an individual more vulnerable to social isolation, a potential risk factor for suicidal ideation and/or behavior. Aims: In this cross-sectional study of surgery-seeking adults with severe obesity, we examined whether weight-related stigma increases (1) the likelihood of suicidal ideation and/or behavior or (2) the degree of loneliness; and whether hypotheses (1) and (2) are supported (3) if loneliness mediates the effect of weight-related stigma on suicidal ideation and/or behavior. Methods: Online questionnaires were administered to 301 women and 95 men seeking bariatric surgery. Results: Approximately 30.3% reported having at least a passing thought of suicide, and 5.55% a suicide attempt during their lifetime. The suicide attempt rate appears lower than other bariatric surgery samples, but possibly higher than community and other surgery sample rates. For severely obese surgery-seeking women, weight-related stigma was associated with suicidal ideation and/or behavior, though this was not mediated by loneliness. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to model and compare suicidal ideation and/or behavior in bariatric-surgery-seeking individuals and control groups.

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          Some New Results on Indirect Effects and Their Standard Errors in Covariance Structure Models

          Michael E. Sobel (1986)
          Article 0 comments Cited 155 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Relationships between obesity and DSM-IV major depressive disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts: results from a general population study.

            M Faith, Victoria K. Carpenter, D Hasin … (2000)
            This study sought to test the relationships between relative body weight and clinical depression, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts in an adult US general population sample. Respondents were 40,086 African American and White participants interviewed in a national survey. Outcome measures were past-year major depression, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. The primary predictor was relative body weight, treated both continuously (i.e., body mass index [BMI]) and categorically in logistic regression analyses. Covariates included age, income and education, disease status, and drug and alcohol use. Relative body weight was associated with major depression, suicide attempts, and suicide ideation, although relationships were different for men and women. Among women, increased BMI was associated with both major depression and suicide ideation. Among men, lower BMI was associated with major depression, suicide attempts, and suicide ideation. There were no racial differences. Differences in BMI, or weight status, were associated with the probability of past-year major depression, suicide attempts, and suicide ideation. Longitudinal studies are needed to differentiate the causal pathways and mechanisms linking physical and psychiatric conditions.
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              Increases in morbid obesity in the USA: 2000-2005.

              R. Sturm (2007)
              It is well known that citizens of developed countries are more likely to be overweight than they were 20 years ago. The most serious health problems are not associated with overweight or moderate obesity, however, but with clinically severe or morbid obesity (e.g. more than 100 pounds (45kg) overweight). There is no reason to expect that morbid obesity trends parallel overweight or moderate obesity. If morbid obesity is a rare pathological condition that has biological causes, the more than 10-fold increase in bariatric surgery procedures over the past eight years in the USA could have even lowered the prevalence of morbid obesity-and may very well stem the problem in other countries. To estimate trends for extreme weight categories (BMI>40 and >50) for the period between 1986 and 2005 in the USA, and to investigate whether trends have changed since 2000. Data from The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (a random-digit telephone survey of the household population of the USA), for the period from 1986 to 2005, were analysed. The main outcome measure was body mass index (BMI), calculated from self-reported weight and height. From 2000 to 2005, the prevalence of obesity (self-reported BMI over 30) increased by 24%. However, the prevalence of a (self-reported) BMI over 40 (about 100 pounds (45kg) overweight) increased by 50% and the prevalence of a BMI over 50 increased by 75%, two and three times faster, respectively. The heaviest BMI groups have been increasing at the fastest rates for 20 years. The prevalence of clinically severe obesity is increasing at a much faster rate among adults in the USA than is the prevalence of moderate obesity. This is consistent with the public health idea that the population weight distribution is shifting, which disproportionately increases extreme weight categories. Because comorbidities and resulting service use are much higher among severely obese individuals, the widely published trends for overweight/obesity underestimate the consequences for population health. The aggressive and costly expansion of bariatric surgery in recent years has had no visible effect on containing morbid obesity rates in the USA.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): cri
                Title: Crisis
                Subtitle: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention
                Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing
                ISSN (Print): 0227-5910
                ISSN (Electronic): 2151-2396
                Publication date (Print): February 15, 2012
                Publication date (Electronic): 2012
                Volume: 33
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 137-143
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Adult Eating and Weight Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
                [ 2 ] Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
                Author notes
                Eunice Chen, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, 5841 S Maryland Ave, MC 3077, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA +1 773 834-9101 +1 773 702-9929 for chen@ 123456bsd.uchicago.edu
                Article
                Apa ID: cri_33_3_137
                DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000115
                PubMed ID: 22343060
                SO-VID: e6478aa4-0f54-448e-9c47-aa0536c77c52
                Copyright statement: Copyright @ 2012
                History
                Date: November 12, 2010
                Date: June 11, 2011
                Date accepted : June 24, 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Research Trends

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Emergency medicine & Trauma,Psychology,Health & Social care,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry,Public health
                Keywords: suicidal ideation and behavior,bariatric surgery,severe obesity
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Emergency medicine & Trauma, Psychology, Health & Social care, Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry, Public health
                Keywords: suicidal ideation and behavior, bariatric surgery, severe obesity

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