To compare corneal aberration changes 1 year after myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) performed with a mechanical microkeratome and IntraLase femtosecond laser. Twenty four eyes of 15 patients underwent LASIK with the Hansatome microkeratome, and 23 eyes of 13 patients underwent LASIK with the IntraLase femtosecond laser. A standard ablation was performed with the Bausch & Lomb Technolas 217 excimer laser. Topography data were used to calculate corneal aberrations with a 3.0 mm and 5.00 mm pupil, before and 12 months after surgery. The increasing factor (IF), defined as the ratio between the postoperative and preoperative mean value of the optical aberration, was calculated. The method of Mulhern et al was used to evaluate the centration of ablation. The comalike aberration was correlated with the decentration of ablation. The Student t test was used for the statistical anaylsis. The postoperative mean decentration of ablation was <0.5 mm. The comalike aberration appeared to be positively correlated with the decentration of ablation in both groups with a 5.0-mm pupil (P < 0.05). With a 3.00-mm pupil, the comalike aberration changed in the Hansatome group, whereas with a 5.00-mm pupil, all aberrations statistically significantly changed in both groups (P < 0.05). The IF similarly increased in 2 groups for spherical-like aberration, whereas IF greatly increased for total and comalike aberrations in the Hansatome group. Wavefront corneal aberrations change significantly 1 year after myopic LASIK performed with the Hansatome microkeratome as well as with IntraLase femtosecond lasers. Both of the procedures induce higher-order aberrations in the anterior corneal surface, but the amount of comalike aberration increases more with the Hansatome mechanical microkeratome.