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      Mammalian empathy: behavioural manifestations and neural basis

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      Journal: Nature Reviews Neuroscience
      Publisher: Springer Nature

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          Abstract

          Empathy is a characteristic of all mammals that ranges from being sensitive to another's emotions to adopting their perspective. In this Review, de Waal and Preston discuss current hypotheses concerning how the emotional states of others are understood in a variety of species.

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          Empathy for pain involves the affective but not sensory components of pain.

          Tania Singer, Ben Seymour, John V. O'Doherty … (2004)
          Our ability to have an experience of another's pain is characteristic of empathy. Using functional imaging, we assessed brain activity while volunteers experienced a painful stimulus and compared it to that elicited when they observed a signal indicating that their loved one--present in the same room--was receiving a similar pain stimulus. Bilateral anterior insula (AI), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), brainstem, and cerebellum were activated when subjects received pain and also by a signal that a loved one experienced pain. AI and ACC activation correlated with individual empathy scores. Activity in the posterior insula/secondary somatosensory cortex, the sensorimotor cortex (SI/MI), and the caudal ACC was specific to receiving pain. Thus, a neural response in AI and rostral ACC, activated in common for "self" and "other" conditions, suggests that the neural substrate for empathic experience does not involve the entire "pain matrix." We conclude that only that part of the pain network associated with its affective qualities, but not its sensory qualities, mediates empathy.
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            On aims and methods of Ethology

            N Tinbergen (1963)
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              Oxytocin, vasopressin, and the neurogenetics of sociality.

              Zoe R. Donaldson, Larry J Young (2008)
              There is growing evidence that the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin modulate complex social behavior and social cognition. These ancient neuropeptides display a marked conservation in gene structure and expression, yet diversity in the genetic regulation of their receptors seems to underlie natural variation in social behavior, both between and within species. Human studies are beginning to explore the roles of these neuropeptides in social cognition and behavior and suggest that variation in the genes encoding their receptors may contribute to variation in human social behavior by altering brain function. Understanding the neurobiology and neurogenetics of social cognition and behavior has important implications, both clinically and for society.
              Article 0 comments Cited 451 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Title: Nature Reviews Neuroscience
                Abbreviated Title: Nat Rev Neurosci
                Publisher: Springer Nature
                ISSN (Print): 1471-003X
                ISSN (Electronic): 1471-0048
                Publication date Created: June 29 2017
                Publication date (Print): June 29 2017
                Volume:
                Issue:
                Article
                DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2017.72
                PubMed ID: 28655877
                SO-VID: e6920869-bfe5-47a7-b0ea-a87f40b331dc
                Copyright © © 2017
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