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      Nanostructured materials for applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering

      , ,
      Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition
      Brill Academic Publishers

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          Most cited references166

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          Nanometre diameter fibres of polymer, produced by electrospinning

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            Fabrication of novel biomaterials through molecular self-assembly.

            Two complementary strategies can be used in the fabrication of molecular biomaterials. In the 'top-down' approach, biomaterials are generated by stripping down a complex entity into its component parts (for example, paring a virus particle down to its capsid to form a viral cage). This contrasts with the 'bottom-up' approach, in which materials are assembled molecule by molecule (and in some cases even atom by atom) to produce novel supramolecular architectures. The latter approach is likely to become an integral part of nanomaterials manufacture and requires a deep understanding of individual molecular building blocks and their structures, assembly properties and dynamic behaviors. Two key elements in molecular fabrication are chemical complementarity and structural compatibility, both of which confer the weak and noncovalent interactions that bind building blocks together during self-assembly. Using natural processes as a guide, substantial advances have been achieved at the interface of nanomaterials and biology, including the fabrication of nanofiber materials for three-dimensional cell culture and tissue engineering, the assembly of peptide or protein nanotubes and helical ribbons, the creation of living microlenses, the synthesis of metal nanowires on DNA templates, the fabrication of peptide, protein and lipid scaffolds, the assembly of electronic materials by bacterial phage selection, and the use of radiofrequency to regulate molecular behaviors.
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              Hydrogels in pharmaceutical formulations.

              N. Peppas (2000)
              The availability of large molecular weight protein- and peptide-based drugs due to the recent advances in the field of molecular biology has given us new ways to treat a number of diseases. Synthetic hydrogels offer a possibly effective and convenient way to administer these compounds. Hydrogels are hydrophilic, three-dimensional networks, which are able to imbibe large amounts of water or biological fluids, and thus resemble, to a large extent, a biological tissue. They are insoluble due to the presence of chemical (tie-points, junctions) and/or physical crosslinks such as entanglements and crystallites. These materials can be synthesized to respond to a number of physiological stimuli present in the body, such as pH, ionic strength and temperature. The aim of this article is to present a concise review on the applications of hydrogels in the pharmaceutical field, hydrogel characterization and analysis of drug release from such devices.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition
                Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition
                Brill Academic Publishers
                0920-5063
                1568-5624
                January 2007
                January 2007
                : 18
                : 3
                : 241-268
                Article
                10.1163/156856207779996931
                17471764
                e696f9de-c328-43af-8f13-4a88a2a60710
                © 2007
                History

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