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      Desactivación de taninos en grano húmedo de sorgo con polietilenglicol o urea Translated title: Deactivation of tannin in high-moisture sorghum grain with polyethylene glycol or urea

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          Abstract

          Se realizó un ensayo in vivo para estudiar el efecto del polietilenglicol 4000 (PEG-4000) o la urea sobre la digestibilidad aparente y las características de la fermentación ruminal de bovinos alimentados con grano húmedo de sorgo con alto contenido de taninos. Los tratamientos quedaron generados de la siguiente manera: sorgo no tratado o testigo (T), sorgo tratado con 1 g PEG/g PB del grano (P) y sorgo tratado con 2% urea en base a la materia seca (U). Se utilizaron tres novillos (312 ± 38 kg PV) fistulados de rumen en un diseño cuadrado latino con 3 animales y 3 períodos experimentales donde consumieron una dieta con 70% de grano de sorgo de acuerdo a los tratamientos. Se estimó la digestibilidad aparente in vivo de la dieta y se caracterizó el ambiente ruminal y metabólico de los animales. Los tratamientos P y U generaron respuestas positivas, aumentando (p<0,05) la digestión total in vivo de la dieta. Además, produjeron una disminución (p<0,05) del pH ruminal y aumentaron las concentraciones de nitrógeno amoniacal (NH3-N) y de urea en plasma (p<0,05). La adición de PEG-4000 incrementó (p<0,05) la concentración de AGV totales; la relación acético/propiónico fue menor (p<0,05) en los tratamientos P y U. Las dietas que contenían granos con PEG-4000 y urea modificaron las proporciones molares de propiónico y valérico, sin alterar las de acético, butírico e isovalérico. La utilización de PEG-4000 y urea es efectiva para disminuir los efectos detrimentales de los taninos condensados del grano de sorgo, aumentando la digestión de la dieta y modificando los parámetros ruminales y plasmáticos de los animales.

          Translated abstract

          An in vivo experiment was carried out to study the effect of polyethylene glycol-4000 (PEG-4000) or urea on apparent digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics in bovine fed high tannin high moisture sorghum grain. The treatments were generated as follows: sorghum untreated or control (T), sorghum treated with 1 g PEG/g CP of grain (P) and sorghum treated with 2% urea based on dry matter (U). Three ruminally fistulated steers (312 ± 38 kg BW) which consumed a diet with 70% sorghum grain were assigned according to treatment to a Latin square design (three animals and three experimental periods). In vivo apparent digestibility of the diet and ruminal and blood parameters were measured. The grain treatments with PEG-4000 or urea generated positive responses, increasing (p<0.05) in vivo total digestion of the diet. In addition, they decreased (p<0.05) ruminal pH and increased the concentration of NH3-N in the rumen in accordance with a higher concentration of urea in plasma (p<0.05). The PEG-4000 increased (p<0.05) total VFA concentration; acetate/propionate ratio was lower (p<0.05) in animals under P and U treatments. The diets containing grains with PEG-4000 or urea modified molar ratios of propionic and valeric, without altering those of acetic, butyric and isovaleric. The use of substances such as PEG4000 and urea is effective in reducing the detrimental effects of condensed tannins in sorghum grain, increasing the digestibility of the diet and changing ruminal and blood parameters of the animals.

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          Offcial Methods of Analysis

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            Factors affecting sorghum protein digestibility

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              The specificity of proanthocyanidin-protein interactions.

              The proanthocyanidins or condensed tannins, phenolic polymers which are synthesized by many plants, characteristically bind and precipitate proteins. The specificity of the interaction was investigated using a competitive binding assay to compare directly the affinities of various proteins and synthetic polymers for the tannin obtained from Sorghum bicolor (Lin.) Moench. At pH 4.9, the relative affinities range over more than 4 orders of magnitude, indicating that this proanthocyanidin interacts quite selectively with protein and protein-like polymers. The affinity for tannins is an inverse function of the size of the polymer, and peptides with less than six residues interact very weakly with tannin. Proteins are precipitated by proanthocyanidins most efficiently at pH values near their isoelectric points. Proline-rich proteins and polymers have very high affinities for tannin. Tightly coiled globular proteins have much lower affinities for tannin than conformationally loose proteins.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                azoo
                Archivos de Zootecnia
                Arch. zootec.
                Universidad de Córdoba (Córdoba, ANdalucía, Spain )
                0004-0592
                1885-4494
                June 2012
                : 61
                : 234
                : 235-244
                Affiliations
                [02] Manfredi Córdoba orgnameEstación Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi (EEA INTA) Manfredi Argentina
                [01] Balcarce orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias orgdiv2Unidad Integrada EEA INTA Balcarce Argentina
                Article
                S0004-05922012000200008
                10.4321/S0004-05922012000200008
                e6c5bc45-d70f-4a85-87fd-5ab1cf7c0f25

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 November 2011
                : 06 September 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 40, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Inactivación de taninos,Digestibilidad aparente,AGV,N amoniacal,Tannins inactivation,Apparent digestibility,VFA,Ammonia N

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