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      International Journal of Nanomedicine (submit here)

      This international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal by Dove Medical Press focuses on the application of nanotechnology in diagnostics, therapeutics, and drug delivery systems throughout the biomedical field. Sign up for email alerts here.

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      Is Open Access

      Screening of Chitosan Derivatives-Carbon Dots Based on Antibacterial Activity and Application in Anti- Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Pathogenic bacteria, especially the ones with highly organized, systematic aggregating bacteria biofilm, would cause great harm to human health. The development of highly efficient antibacterial and antibiofilm functional fluorescent nanomaterial would be of great significance.

          Methods

          This paper reports the preparation of a series of antibacterial functional carbon dots (CDs) with chitosan (CS) and its derivatives as raw materials through one-step route, and the impact of various experiment parameters upon the optical properties and the antibacterial abilities have been explored, including the structures of the raw materials, excipients, and solvents.

          Results

          The CDs prepared by quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan (QCS) and ethylenediamine (EDA) exhibit multiple antibacterial effects through membrane breaking, DNA and protein destroying, and the production of singlet oxygen. The CDs showed excellent broad-spectrum inhibitory activity against a variety of bacteria (Gram-positive and negative bacteria), in particular, to the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration at 10 µg/mL, showing great potential in killing bacteria and biofilms. The biocompatibility experiments proved that QCS-EDA-CDs are non-toxic to human normal hepatocytes and have low haemolytic effect. Furthermore, the prepared QCS-EDA-CDs have been successfully used in bacterial and biofilm imaging thanks to their excellent optical properties.

          Conclusion

          This paper explored the preparation and application of functional CDs, which can be used as the visual probe and therapeutic agents in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria and biofilm.

          Graphical Abstract

          Most cited references51

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          How to study proteins by circular dichroism.

          Circular dichroism (CD) is being increasingly recognised as a valuable technique for examining the structure of proteins in solution. However, the value of many studies using CD is compromised either by inappropriate experimental design or by lack of attention to key aspects of instrument calibration or sample characterisation. In this article, we summarise the basis of the CD approach and its application to the study of proteins, and then present clear guidelines on how reliable data can be obtained and analysed.
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            Carbon quantum dots: synthesis, properties and applications

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              Carbon nanodots: synthesis, properties and applications

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Nanomedicine
                Int J Nanomedicine
                ijn
                International Journal of Nanomedicine
                Dove
                1176-9114
                1178-2013
                04 March 2022
                2022
                : 17
                : 937-952
                Affiliations
                [1 ]School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities , Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China
                [2 ]National Demonstration Center for Experimental Ethnopharmacology Education (South-Central University for Nationalities) , Wuhan, 430065, People’s Republic of China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Dan Zhao, Tel +1 806 208 4690, Email wqzhdpai@163.com
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9500-7410
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-5445
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-6374
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4850-457X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0218-6983
                Article
                350739
                10.2147/IJN.S350739
                8904944
                e78ab565-f1fb-4d17-b1a4-e9c7142bac27
                © 2022 Zhao et al.

                This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

                History
                : 22 November 2021
                : 10 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 8, Tables: 5, References: 51, Pages: 16
                Categories
                Original Research

                Molecular medicine
                carbon dots,antibacterial activity,bacterial imaging,anti-biofilm,antibacterial mechanism

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