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      Efeito do salbutamol liberado através de inalador de pó seco sobre o broncoespasmo induzido por metacolina Translated title: Effects of salbutamol delivered by dry-powder inhaler on methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction

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          Abstract

          INTRODUÇÃO: Os beta2-agonistas de curta duração sob a forma de nebulímetro pressurizado são os fármacos utilizados rotineiramente na reversão do broncoespasmo induzido pela metacolina. A administração desses fármacos na forma de pó seco, liberados por inaladores de pó seco pode ser uma alternativa eficaz. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade e rapidez de ação do salbutamol liberado através de inalador de pó seco pulvinal (Butovent®) na reversão do broncoespasmo induzido por metacolina, comparando-o com o salbutamol liberado por nebulímetro pressurizado. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados prospectivamente 60 pacientes sucessivos com broncoespasmo induzido por metacolina, cuja queda do volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) foi de, no mínimo, 20%. Foram randomizados 30 pacientes para receber 200 mcg de salbutamol liberado por nebulímetro pressurizado e 30 pacientes para receber 200 mcg de salbutamol através de inalador de pó seco (pulvinal), na etapa final do teste de broncoprovocação, com o objetivo de reverter o broncoespasmo induzido pela metacolina. Foram avaliados os VEF1 obtidos 1 minuto e 5 minutos após a administração do broncodilatador. RESULTADOS: Os grupos foram pareados por sexo, idade, peso, altura, dose provocativa causadora de queda de 20% no VEF1 (primeiro grupo: 1,3 mg ; segundo grupo: 1,19 mg; p = 0,79) e VEF1 pós-metacolina (primeiro grupo: 2,03 l; segundo grupo: 1,99 l; p = 0,87), sem diferença significativa entre eles. O incremento médio do VEF1 foi de 16,2% (1 minuto) e 22,2% (5 minutos) no primeiro grupo e de 17% (1 minuto) e 23,6% (5 minutos) no segundo grupo, não havendo diferença estatística entre eles (p = 0,8). CONCLUSÕES: Os beta2-agonistas administrados através de inalador de pó seco (pulvinal) apresentam a mesma eficácia broncodilatadora e rapidez de ação que no tradicional método por nebulímetro pressurizado.

          Translated abstract

          BACKGROUND: Short-acting beta2 agonists delivered by metered-dose inhaler (MDIs) are the drugs usually used for the reversal of methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction. The b2 agonists that are delivered by dry-powder inhaler (DPI) can be an efficacious option. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and speed of action of salbutamol delivered by DPI (Pulvinal; Butovent®), in comparison to salbutamol delivered by MDI, in reversing methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction. METHOD: Sixty successive methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction patients who presented a decrease of at least 20% in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) were evaluated prospectively. Of these 60 patients, we randomized 30 (first group) to receive 200 mcg of salbutamol by MDI and 30 (second group) to receive 200 mcg of salbutamol by DPI (Pulvinal). Both drugs were administered with the objective of reversing bronchoconstriction during the final phase of a bronchoprovocation test. The FEV1 values obtained at 1 and 5 minutes after bronchodilator administration were evaluated. RESULTS: The groups were comparable in gender distribution, age, weight, dose level provoking a 20% drop in FEV1 (first group: 1.3 mg; second group: 1.19 mg; p = 0.79) and post-methacholine FEV1 (first group: 2.03 l; second group: 1.99 l; p = 0.87), with no statistically significant differences between the two groups. In the first group (MDI), the mean increase in FEV1 was 16.2% (at 1 minute) and 22.2% (at 5 minutes), and in the second group (DPI) it was 17% (at 1 minute) and 23.6% (at 5 minutes). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.8). CONCLUSION: The beta2-agonists delivered by DPI (Pulvinal) present the same bronchodilator efficacy and speed of action as do those delivered by the more traditional MDI method.

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          Most cited references19

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              Lung deposition and protective effect of terbutaline delivered from pressurized metered-dose inhalers and the Turbuhaler in asthmatic individuals.

              We investigated the relationship between pulmonary deposition of terbutaline and bronchoprotection against methacholine and histamine with the Turbuhaler (AstraZeneca, Lund, Sweden) and a pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) in 13 asthmatic patients. The study was done with a randomized, double blind, double dummy, and crossover design. On different days, the provocative concentration of histamine causing a 20% decrease in FEV(1) (PC(20) histamine) and PC(20) methacholine were determined before and at 1.5, 3, and 6 h after inhalation of 0.25 or 0.5 mg of terbutaline sulfate. The Turbuhaler delivered significantly more drug than did the pMDI (% of the nominal metered dose and 95% confidence interval): 20.8% (16.4 to 26.6%) and 16.9% (13.2 to 21.7%) versus 4.8% (3.8 to 6.1%) and 7.4% (5.8 to 9.5%), respectively. Average protection against histamine over 6 h was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.45 to 0.87) doubling concentrations (DC) after inhalation of 0.25 mg and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.29) DC after 0.5 mg terbutaline via pMDI, and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.29) DC after 0.25 mg and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.45) DC after 0.50 mg via Turbuhaler. Protection against methacholine was also dose- and device-dependent. The dose needed to obtain the same pulmonary deposition with the pMDI was 3.14 times greater than with the Turbuhaler, and that needed for the same protective effect was 2.1 and 3.2 times greater for histamine and methacholine, respectively. We conclude that pulmonary deposition of terbutaline was predictive of the clinical response.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jbpneu
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                J. bras. pneumol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia (São Paulo )
                1806-3756
                June 2004
                : 30
                : 3
                : 195-200
                Article
                S1806-37132004000300003
                10.1590/S1806-37132004000300003
                e78c665c-fee0-4ff3-b18a-80f3d8cfbaef

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1806-3713&lng=en
                Categories
                RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

                Respiratory medicine
                Asthma,Bronchodilator agents,Albuterol,Methacholine chloride,Respiratory therapy,Administration, inhalation,Prospective studies,Asma,Broncodilatadores,Cloreto de metacolina,Terapia respiratória,Administração por inalação,Estudos prospectivos

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