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      Dinámica poblacional de Haematobia Irritans en bovinos del Trópico Mexicano

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          Abstract

          En este estudio se evaluó la fluctuación en la población de Haematobia irritans de febrero 2004 a febrero 2005, en Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, México. Se utilizaron 15 vaquillas F1 (Holstein por Brahman) de 11 ± 2 meses de edad y 170 ± 19 kg de peso, infestadas en forma natural por la H. irritans. La población de moscas se correlacionó con cinco variables climáticas y se evaluó por medio de conteos semanales con observaciones directas a los bovinos a potrero. La mosca H. irritans estuvo presente todo el año (35,1 ± 35,2 moscas/animal); sin embargo, las mayores infestaciones con esta plaga se registraron en los meses de septiembre y octubre. El pico poblacional de H. irritans fue de 121 moscas/animal. El grado de infestación estuvo asociado principalmente con la precipitación acumulada (r = 0,70, P<0,05). Otros factores como la temperatura y humedad relativa, también fueron importantes en determinar la incidencia y nivel de infestación de ataque de este ecto-parásito. Se concluye que en esta región, el control de la H. irritans debe realizarse hacia el final de la época de lluvias y principios de la época de tormentas invernales.

          Translated abstract

          Population Dinamic of Haematobia irritans on Cattle in the Mexican Tropic. ABSTRACT The population fluctuation of Haematobia irritans was evaluated in this study from February 2004 to February 2005 at Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz, México. Distribution of horn fly throughout a year was monitored in 15 heifers F1 (Holstein x Brahman) of 11±2 months of age and 170±19 kg of weight. In addition, horn fly population was correlated with five weather variables and evaluated by weekly counts with direct observation on grazing cattle. H. irritans was present year round (35.1±35.2 flies/cattle); however, higher infestations of this pest were registered during the months of September and October. Population peak of H. irritans was of 121 flies/cattle. The grade of infestation was mainly associated with accumulated rainfall (r = 0.70, P<0.05); nevertheless, other factors as temperature and relative humidity were also important to determine the incidence and severity of the attack of this ecto-parasite. It may be concluded that in this region, H. irritans control must be carried out at the end of the rainy season and at the beginning of windy winter season.

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          Modificaciones al Sistema de clasificación climática de Koppen.

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            A review of ectoparasites and their effect on cattle production.

            Losses in livestock production due to ectoparasite infestations exceed $2.26 billion annually. Over 50 species of ectoparasites infest cattle throughout the United States. The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.), is the most important and widespread of the five to six major pest species of pastured cattle in the southern region. Results from the examination of production traits from cattle under ectoparasite burdens have been variable, ranging from no effect to significant reductions in weight gains. Because of this inconsistency, specific physiological and nutritional responses in cattle infested or not infested with horn flies have been examined. Data have shown significant differences in nitrogen retention, blood cortisol concentrations, vital signs, water consumption, and urine production. Implications are that total energy balance is altered when an animal is exposed to ectoparasite infestations, thereby resulting in decreased productivity.
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              Modificaciones al sistema de clasificación climática de Koeppen

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rc
                Revista Científica
                Rev. cient. (Maracaibo)
                UNIVERSIDAD DEL ZULIA (Maracaibo )
                0798-2259
                August 2007
                : 17
                : 4
                : 330-334
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México
                [2 ] Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo México
                [3 ] Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo México
                Article
                S0798-22592007000400003
                e7c1d1d5-a0f3-4ab6-aa17-ba330e2b1672

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0798-2259&lng=en
                Categories
                ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
                VETERINARY SCIENCES

                General veterinary medicine,General engineering
                Population fluctuation,horn fly,Holstein,Brahman,humid tropic,Fluctuación poblacional,mosca del cuerno,trópico húmedo

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