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      The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini)

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      1 , 2
      ZooKeys
      Pensoft Publishers
      China, Pterostichus, key, new species, endophallus, systematics

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          All of the known species of the Chinese endemic subgenus Pterostichus ( Circinatus ) are revised, keyed, and illustrated. Eleven new species and one new subspecies are described: Pterostichus adelphus sp. n. (Sichuan: Meigu, N28.66°, E103.06°); Pterostichus ailaoicus sp. n. (Yunnan: Xinping, N23.94°, E101.50°); Pterostichus camelus sp. n. (Sichuan: Mianning, N28.97°, E102.16°); Pterostichus dimorphus sp. n. (Yunnan: Dayao, N26.08°, E101.03°); Pterostichus maitreya sp. n. (Guizhou: Fanjingshan, N27.90°, E108.70°); Pterostichus miao sp. n. (Guangxi: Maoershan, N25.87°, E110.41°); Pterostichus tumulus sp. n. (Guizhou: Fanjingshan, N27.90°, E108.70°); Pterostichus wangjiani sp. n. (Yunnan: Dongchuan, N26.08°, E102.87°); Pterostichus yan sp. n. (Hubei: Shennongjia, N31.47°, E110.39°); Pterostichus yuxiaodongi sp. n. (Sichuan: Wolong, N30.99°, E103.15°); Pterostichus zhygealu sp. n. (Sichuan: Meigu, N28.67°, E103.05°); and Pterostichus cavazzutianus mianningensis subsp. n. (Sichuan: Mianning, N28.97°, E102.16°). Pterostichus cavazzutianus is proposed as a replacement name for Pterostichus cavazuttii Allegro and Sciaky 2010, preoccupied by Pterostichus ( Sinosteropus) barbarae cavazuttii Sciaky and Facchini 2003. A lectotype is designated for Pterostichus baenningeri Jedlička 1931. Two species, Pterostichus schuelkei Sciaky & Wrase and Pterostichus wenxianensis Allegro & Sciaky, are moved from the subgenus Circinatus to Morphohaptoderus . An infra-subgeneric taxonomy is proposed for the subgenus Circinatus with four species groups. The male endophallus characters for most species of Circinatus were well studied, with three types of endophallus defined. A phylogenetic analysis based on adult morphological characters confirmed the infra-subgeneric classification and clarified some of the relationships among species. Two main lineages within Circinatus were identified from the phylogenetic analyses. Three of the four species groups were monophyletic, whereas the fourth group was paraphyletic.

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          Phylogeny and Genital Evolution of Carabid Beetles in the Genus <I>Pterostichus</I> and Its Allied Genera (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Inferred from Two Nuclear Gene Sequences

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            A new subgenus Wraseellus of the genus Pterostichus Bonelli (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini) and new species descriptions.

            A new subgenus Wraseiellus new subgenus (type species: Pterostichus andrewesi Jedlička 1931) of the genus Pterostichus from China is described. Eight species and one subspecies are recognized in the new subgenus including three new species and one new subspecies: Pt. (Wraseiellus) comatus new species (Guangxi: Maoershan, N25.87°, E110.42°), Pt. (Wraseiellus) crassiapex new species (Hubei: Tiechanghuang, N30.75°, E110.30°), Pt. (Wraseiellus) pseduodiversus new species (Yunnan: Luguhu, N27.63°, E100.82°), Pt. (Wraseiellus) stictopleurus cangshanensis new subspecies (Yunnan: Cangshan, N25.63°, E100.14°). Feronia crebrepunctata Straneo, 1937 is newly proposed as junior synonym of Pterostichus meyeri Jedlička, 1934. A key to all known species and subspecies, images of habitus and genitalia, and distribution maps are provided.
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              Author and article information

              Journal
              Zookeys
              Zookeys
              ZooKeys
              ZooKeys
              Pensoft Publishers
              1313-2989
              1313-2970
              2015
              16 November 2015
              : 536
              : 1-92
              Affiliations
              [1 ]College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100081, China
              [2 ]Key laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
              Author notes
              Corresponding author: Hongbin Liang ( lianghb@ 123456ioz.ac.cn )

              Academic editor: A. Casale

              Article
              10.3897/zookeys.536.5982
              4714036
              e7da4871-b264-4275-8153-ab7cb174699a
              Hongliang Shi, Hongbin Liang

              This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

              History
              : 6 March 2015
              : 17 September 2015
              Categories
              Monograph

              Animal science & Zoology
              china,pterostichus,key,new species,endophallus,systematics,animalia,coleoptera,carabidae
              Animal science & Zoology
              china, pterostichus, key, new species, endophallus, systematics, animalia, coleoptera, carabidae

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