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      El método Delphi para la consulta a expertos en la investigación científica Translated title: Delphi method for the expert consultation in the scientific research

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          Abstract

          Objetivos: realizar una sistematización en fases de las tareas y acciones progresivas que conforman el método Delphi para la obtención de consenso al consultar a expertos y brindar a los investigadores cubanos información que facilite su uso. Fuente de datos: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos bibliográficos Medline, Pubmed y SciELO Cuba del término "Delphi" empleado en títulos y resúmenes, publicados entre los años 2007 y 2012. Se consultaron además artículos y documentos citados por estas y publicados con anterioridad a través de Hinari y Ebsco o directamente a través de la dirección electrónica declarada en dichos artículos. Se incluyeron revisiones, artículos de investigación, documentos de organizaciones y capítulos de libros. Resultados: se presentan precisiones conceptuales y se describe el método Delphi, sus orígenes, peculiaridades, ventajas y empleo en la investigación, con énfasis en el campo de la salud. Se propone una sistematización del procedimiento de realización del Delphi que incluye nueve tareas organizadas en tres fases: preparatoria, de consulta y de consenso. Conclusiones: siendo el Delphi un método de investigación cualitativa, se requiere, al publicar estudios que lo empleen, describir ampliamente los detalles del proceso. Las tareas y acciones aquí delimitadas pueden utilizarse como parámetros para el análisis metodológico de investigaciones que utilicen el método y constituyen una guía para la redacción del informe final y de la publicación.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: to systematize the tasks and program actions of Delphi methods in phases to reach consensus in expert consultation, and to provide the Cuban researchers with adequate information for using it. Data source: search of the term "Delphi" in titles and abstracts published from 2007 to 2012 by using Medline, Pubmed and ScieloCuba data bases. Additionally, cited articles and documents, previously published in Hinari and Ebsco, were consulted or were directly accessed through their e-mail addresses. This included reviews, research studies, organization's documents and book chapters. Results: some conceptual precisions were presented together with the description of the Delphi method in terms of origin, peculiarities, advantages and use in research, emphasizing its use in the health care field. The systematization of the procedure to use Delphi method was submitted in this paper, in which nine tasks organized in the preparatory, the consultation, and the consensus phases were included. Conclusions: since the Delphi method is a qualitative research procedure, it is required to explain in detail the whole process when publishing studies that use it. The tasks and the actions herein stated can be used as parameters to make the methodological analysis of research studies with this method, and they represent a guideline for drafting the final report and for the publication as such.

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          Most cited references67

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          Consulting the oracle: ten lessons from using the Delphi technique in nursing research.

          The aim of this paper was to provide insight into the Delphi technique by outlining our personal experiences during its use over a 10-year period in a variety of applications. As a means of achieving consensus on an issue, the Delphi research method has become widely used in healthcare research generally and nursing research in particular. The literature on this technique is expanding, mainly addressing what it is and how it should be used. However, there is still much confusion and uncertainty surrounding it, particularly about issues such as modifications, consensus, anonymity, definition of experts, how 'experts' are selected and how non-respondents are pursued. This issues that arise when planning and carrying out a Delphi study include the definition of consensus; the issue of anonymity vs. quasi-anonymity for participants; how to estimate the time needed to collect the data, analyse each 'round', feed back results to participants, and gain their responses to this feedback; how to define and select the 'experts' who will be asked to participate; how to enhance response rates; and how many 'rounds' to conduct. Many challenges and questions are raised when using the Delphi technique, but there is no doubt that it is an important method for achieving consensus on issues where none previously existed. Researchers need to adapt the method to suit their particular study.
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            Development of an objective evaluation tool to assess technical skill in laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a Delphi methodology.

            Laparoscopic colorectal surgery (LCS) is an advanced procedure for which no objective tools exist to assess technical skill. The aim of this study was to determine expert consensus regarding items required on a rating scale for LCS, using a Delphi technique. Experts rated the substeps of LCS from 1 to 5. Responses were returned to the panel until consensus (Cronbach's α ≥ .80) was reached. Substeps that 80% of experts rated as ≥4 were included in the final instrument. Initially, α values were .81 for sigmoid colectomy, .77 for right (medial-to-lateral) colectomy, and .74 for the lateral-to-medial approach. In the second round, α values were .83 for medial-to-lateral right colectomy and .82 for lateral-to-medial colectomy. The Delphi method allowed the determination of consensus regarding the essential steps to be included in a tool designed to measure technical competence in LCS. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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              Using a Delphi process to establish consensus on emergency medicine clerkship competencies.

              Currently, there is no consensus on the core competencies required for emergency medicine (EM) clerkships in Canada. Existing EM curricula have been developed through informal consensus or local efforts. The Delphi process has been used extensively as a means for establishing consensus.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcsp
                Revista Cubana de Salud Pública
                Rev. cub. salud pública
                Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas (La Habana, La Habana, Cuba )
                0864-3466
                1561-3127
                June 2013
                : 39
                : 2
                : 253-267
                Affiliations
                [02] La Habana orgnameHospital General Docente Enrique Cabrera Cuba
                [01] La Habana orgnameUniversidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana orgdiv1Facultad Dr. Salvador Allende Cuba marpsiinfomed.sld.cu, mariosm@ 123456infomed.sld.cu
                Article
                S0864-34662013000200007 S0864-3466(13)03900207
                e81ecd5e-d882-43c3-ac06-72c9676bc342

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 November 2012
                : 23 October 2012
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 48, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)

                stages,consenso,method,Delphi,experto,consensus,expert,método,etapas
                stages, consenso, method, Delphi, experto, consensus, expert, método, etapas

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