Effects of different intensity physical activities on working memory in children and adolescents: a Meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective To explore the effects of different intensity physical activity on the working memory among children and adolescents, so as to provide evidence-based basis for school mental health and physical education.

Methods Seven databases were searched by using keywords including "moderate intensity sports" "high intensity sports" "working memory" "cognitive function" "moderate physical activity" "vigorous physical activity" "moderate intensity exercise" "high intensity exercise" "acute physical activity" "chronic physical activity". The retrieval time was August 2019. The PICOS model was used to screen the literature. A total of 40 related literatures were included. The Jadad score of the literature was good, and the random effect model was used for meta-analysis.

Results The analysis results showed that the effect of moderate intensity physical activity on children’ s values of WMD =136.98, Z =21.77, 95% CI = 124.65–149.31; The effect of the youth group WMD = 95.78, Z = 9.08, 95% CI =75.11–116.46. The total effect value of WMD =126.17, Z =23.35, 95% CI = 115.58–136.76( P <0.01). The effect of high intensity physical activity on children’ s values of WMD = –6.05, Z = 0.38, 95% CI = –37.15–25.06 ( P =0.70). The effect of the youth group WMD = 8.51, Z = 0.60, 95% CI =–19.12–36.13 ( P = 0.55). The total effect value of WMD = 2.09, Z = 0.20, 95% CI = –18.57–22.74 ( P = 0.84).

Conclusion Moderate intensity physical activity can improve the working memory of children and adolescents. High intensity physical activities have no positive influence on working memory of children and adolescents. When considering sports activities to improve working memory of children and adolescents, moderate intensity exercise is recommended.

Abstract

【摘要】目 的通过 Meta 分析对国内外相关文献进行研究, 系统评价不同运动强度对儿童青少年人群工作记忆的 影响, 为今后学校心理卫生和体育教学领域的相关研究提供循证学参考。 方法 以“中等强度体育活动”“髙强度体育活 动, , “工作记忆” “认知功育旨” “moderate physical activity, , “vigorous physical activity" "moderate intensity exercise, , ”high intensity exercise, , "acute physical activity" “chronic physical activity" "working memory" "cognitive function" ”cognition"等关键词检索国 内外七大数据库, 检索时间为 2019 年 9 月。 采用 PIC0S 模式进行文献筛选, 共纳人 40 篇相关研究文献, 文献 Jadad 评分较 髙, 运用随机效应模型进行 Meta 分析。 结果 中等强度体育活动对学龄儿童工作记忆影响的合并效应值WWD = 136.98, Z = 21.77, 95% CI = 124.65 ~ 149.31 ；青少年组的合并效应值 WMD = 95.78, Z = 9.08 , 95%CI =75.11~116.46； 总效应值 WMD = 126.17, Z =23.35, 95% CI = 115.58 ~ 136.76 ( P 值均<0.01)。 髙强度体育活动对学龄儿童工作记忆影响的合并效应值 WMD = –6.05, Z = 0.38, 95% CI = –37.15~25.06 ( P =0.70)；青少年组的合并效应值 WMD = 8.51, Z =0.60, 95% CI = –19.12~ 36.13 ( P = 0.55) ；总效应值 WMD = 2.09, Z = 0.20, 95% CI =–18.57~22.74 ( P =0.84)。 结论 中等强度体育活动对儿童青少年的工作记 忆能力具有一定的提升和改善作用, 髙强度体育活动对儿童青少年的工作记忆能力没有积极影响。 在运用体育活动手段 对儿童青少年进行工作记忆提升训练时, 应将强度控制在中等强度才能达到促进工作记忆能力的效果。