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      Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting: the GATHER statement

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          Abstract

          Gretchen Stevens and colleagues present the GATHER statement, which seeks to promote good practice in the reporting of global health estimates.

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          Most cited references10

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          The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies.

          Much biomedical research is observational. The reporting of such research is often inadequate, which hampers the assessment of its strengths and weaknesses and of a study's generalizability. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Initiative developed recommendations on what should be included in an accurate and complete report of an observational study. We defined the scope of the recommendations to cover three main study designs: cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies. We convened a two-day workshop, in September 2004, with methodologists, researchers and journal editors to draft a checklist of items. This list was subsequently revised during several meetings of the coordinating group and in e-mail discussions with the larger group of STROBE contributors, taking into account empirical evidence and methodological considerations. The workshop and the subsequent iterative process of consultation and revision resulted in a checklist of 22 items (the STROBE Statement) that relate to the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results and discussion sections of articles. Eighteen items are common to all three study designs and four are specific for cohort, case-control, or cross-sectional studies. A detailed Explanation and Elaboration document is published separately and is freely available on the web sites of PLoS Medicine, Annals of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology. We hope that the STROBE Statement will contribute to improving the quality of reporting of observational studies.
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            Mathematical models in the evaluation of health programmes.

            Modelling is valuable in the planning and evaluation of interventions, especially when a controlled trial is ethically or logistically impossible. Models are often used to calculate the expected course of events in the absence of more formal assessments. They are also used to derive estimates of rare or future events from recorded intermediate points. When developing models, decisions are needed about the appropriate level of complexity to be represented and about model structure and assumptions. The degree of rigor in model development and assessment can vary greatly, and there is a danger that existing beliefs inappropriately influence judgments about model assumptions and results. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Sharing research data to improve public health.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                PLoS Med
                PLoS Med
                plos
                plosmed
                PLoS Medicine
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1549-1277
                1549-1676
                28 June 2016
                June 2016
                : 13
                : 6
                : e1002056
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Information, Evidence and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
                [2 ]Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
                [3 ]Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
                [4 ]Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
                [5 ]Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
                [6 ]Global Development Program, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
                [7 ]Independent consultant, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
                [8 ]The Lancet, , London, United Kingdom
                [9 ]Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
                [10 ]Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health and Cochrane Croatia, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
                [11 ]Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
                [12 ]Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
                [13 ]Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
                [14 ]PLOS Medicine, , Cambridge, United Kingdom
                [15 ]Bruyére Research Institute, Bruyére Continuing Care, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                [16 ]Centre for Global Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
                Author notes

                PJS is Deputy Editor of PLOS Medicine. JS and TV serve on the editorial board of PLOS Medicine. JS is a member of the Global Burden of Disease Scientific Council. AM is on the steering group of the EQUATOR Network. All other authors declare no competing interest.

                Set the process for developing the guideline: GAS LA REB JTB GSC ME JTG DRH MCH RH JEL AM CDM CJLM IR JS PJS TV VW. Developed the comprehensive list of reporting items and conducted the online survey: GAS, with inputs from all authors. Compiled the survey results, prepared the background materials for the 2015 meeting in London, and planned the meeting: GAS DRH. Attended the meeting: LA REB GSC ME JTG DRH RH JEL AM CDM IR PJS GAS TV VW. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: GAS DRH. Wrote the first draft of the Explanation and Elaboration document: MCH GAS. Contributed to the selection and wording of the reporting items, the writing of the manuscript, and the writing of the Explanation and Elaboration document: GAS LA REB JTB GSC ME JTG DRH MCH RH JEL AM CDM CJLM IR JS PJS TV VW. Conducted the second round of consultation: GAS. Agree with the manuscript’s results and conclusions: GAS LA REB JTB GSC ME JTG DRH MCH RH JEL AM CDM CJLM IR JS PJS TV VW. All authors have read, and confirm that they meet, ICMJE criteria for authorship.

                Authors listed alphabetically.

                ¶ All authors are members of The GATHER Working Group.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2772-2316
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2109-8081
                Article
                PMEDICINE-D-16-00308
                10.1371/journal.pmed.1002056
                4924581
                27351744
                e892595a-2e94-4fbe-8588-ba8ccf64e381
                © 2016 World Health Organization

                Licensee Public Library of Science. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution IGO License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/. In any use of this article, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organisation, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. This notice should be preserved along with the article’s original URL.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 1, Pages: 8
                Funding
                We received financial support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. JTG is employed by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
                Categories
                Guidelines and Guidance
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Public and Occupational Health
                Global Health
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Public and Occupational Health
                Behavioral and Social Aspects of Health
                Physical Sciences
                Mathematics
                Statistics (Mathematics)
                Statistical Data
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Database and Informatics Methods
                Health Informatics
                People and Places
                Demography
                Death Rates
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Population Biology
                Population Metrics
                Death Rates
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Health Care
                Health Statistics
                Computer and Information Sciences
                Software Engineering
                Source Code
                Engineering and Technology
                Software Engineering
                Source Code
                Computer and Information Sciences
                Information Technology
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                Medicine
                Medicine

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