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      Períodos de matocompetição na cultura da soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril), cultivares Santa Rosa e IAC-2. I- efeitos sobre os parâmetros de produção Translated title: Weed competition periods in the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) crop, Santa Rosa and IAC-2 cultivars. I- effects on the yield parameters

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          Abstract

          Visando estudar a influência do período de competição das plantas daninhas sobre alguns parâmetros de produção da cultura da soja, foram instalados experimentos de campo com os cultivares Santa Rosa e IAC-2 em dois tipos de solos, Latossol Roxo e Latossol Vermelho Escuro - fase arenosa, no município de Jaboticabal, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso , sendo os cultivares mantidos sem e com competição das plantas daninhas por períodos cujas extensões foram 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 e 60 dias após a emergência. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que: o período mínimo do início do ciclo que deve ser mantido livre de competição é de 30 a 40 dias após a emergência para o cultivar Santa Rosa e de 50 dias para o 'IAC-2'; para os dois cultivares, a produção de grãos foi efetivamente aumentada após o 20.° dia sem competição no solo Latossol Roxo e 30.° dia no solo Latossol Vermelho Escuro - fase arenosa, atingindo um valor máximo no 50.° dia para o 'Santa Rosa' e ao redor do 60.° dia para o 'IAC-2'; no ano agrícola de 1977/78 (solo Latosso l Roxo), a competição durante os primeiros 20 dias após a emergência causou perdas de produção em ambos os cultivares, entretanto, no de 1978/79 (solo Latossol Vermelho Escuro - fase arenosa) este período foi de 40 dias, mostrando a importância das interferências e da foclimáticas e das diferentes espécies daninhas, no processo de competição; e, dentre todos os parâmetros relacionados à produção de grãos, o número de vagens por planta foi o mais afetado pela competição das plantas daninhas.

          Translated abstract

          The effects of different weed competition periods on some soybean yield parameters were studied in field trials with cultivars Santa Rosa and IAC-2 in two soils, "Latossol Roxo" and "Dark-Red Latossol - sandy phase", at Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design of randomized blocks was used. The cultivars were kept with and without weed competition since the emergence for periods of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days. Based on the results the following conclusions may be drawn: the soybean crop should be kept free of weed competition during the first 30 to 40 days for cv. Santa Rosa and during the first 50 days for cv. IAC-2; for both cultivars yield increase was evident beyond first 20 days weeded in "Latossol Roxo" and 30 days for "Dark-Red Latossol - sandy phase", reaching the maximum value at 50th for Santa Rosa cultivar and around 60th days for 'IAC-2'; in the 1977/78 season (for "Latossol Roxo") weed competition during the first 20 days after emergence caused yield losses to both cultivars, whereas in the 1978/79 season ("Dark-Red Latossol -sandy phase") this period extended to 40 first days, showing the importance of edafic -climatic interferences and different weed species in the competition process; among all parameters related to the grain yield the number of pods per plant was the most affected by weed competition.

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          Most cited references49

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          Basis of Yield Component Compensation in Crop Plants With Special Reference to the Field Bean, Phaseolus vulgaris1

          M W Adams (1967)
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            COMPETITIVE EFFICIENCY OF WEEDS AND CEREAL CROPS

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              Common Cocklebur Competition in Soybeans

              The competitive effects of common cocklebur ( Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.) on soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Lee 68′] were studied on Dundee silty clay loam soil from 1970 to 1972. Full-season competition by common cocklebur at 3,300, 6,600, 13,000, and 26,000 plants/ha reduced the 2-year average soybean seed yields 10, 28, 43, and 52%, respectively. Competition from common cocklebur at 100,000 plants/ha for 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 16 weeks after soybean emergence reduced soybean seed yields 10, 36, 40, 60, 80, and 80%, respectively. A reduction in soybean stand occurred after 12 or more weeks competition, and an increase in soybean plant height occurred after 10 or more weeks competition. When common cockleburs were removed during the first 4 weeks after soybean emergence, no further removal was required to obtain maximum soybean yield. Bentazon [3-isopropyl-1 H -2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-(4)3 H -one 2,2-dioxide] at 1.1 to 2.2 kg/ha applied over-the-top of common cockleburs and soybeans was as effective as hand removal in terminating competition provided common cocklebur plants were not flowering.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                pd
                Planta Daninha
                Planta daninha
                Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas (Viçosa )
                1806-9681
                December 1983
                : 6
                : 2
                : 86-100
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0100-83581983000200002
                10.1590/S0100-83581983000200002
                e8e41b63-638d-4a2f-a7c7-72db2f4f7c2d

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-8358&lng=en
                Categories
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany
                Weed competition,competition periods,soybean,grain yield,Períodos de competição,plantas daninhas,soja,produção de grãos

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