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      Validación de la familia Melolonthidae Leach, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) Translated title: Validity of the family Melolonthidae Leach, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)

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          Abstract

          La familia Melolonthidae Leach, 1819 fue definida por Endrödi en 1966 como un grupo cosmopolita compuesto principalmente por las subfamilias Melolonthinae, Dynastinae, Rutelinae y Cetoniinae, formadas por taxones con hábitos fitófagos o fitosaprófagos, a diferencia de otros grupos de Scarabaeoidea. A pesar de ser ampliamente utilizada en América Latina desde 1976, esta clasificación es cuestionada por autores de estudios morfológicos y filogenéticos que apoyan la clasificación utilizada en América del Norte, la cual agrupa las subfamilias citadas junto con los Scarabaeinae y Aphodiinae coprófagos dentro de la familia Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo apoyar la validez de la familia Melolonthidae con modificaciones. Para ello se compararon diferentes clasificaciones utilizadas a lo largo de la historia de la coleopterología, así como los análisis para relacionar los diferentes grupos de Scarabaeoidea que se han publicado recientemente. Con dicha información y a reserva de efectuar nuevos estudios de morfología comparada y de obtener mejores datos con técnicas moleculares para apoyar un análisis filogenético más preciso, en el presente trabajo se propone aceptar como válido el nombre del agrupamiento denominado Melolonthidae constituído por el clado Dynastinae-Rutelinae-Melolonthinae. También se sugiere retirar a los Cetoniinae de aquel grupo y elevarlos a la categoría de familia, así como comprobar las relaciones de la subfamilia Orphninae con respecto a los miembros de la familia Melolonthidae. Finalmente, se indica que para lograr un consenso global sobre la clasificación supragenérica de los Melolonthidae es necesario efectuar análisis filogenéticos con taxones de todas las regiones del mundo, que efectivamente representen la riqueza específica de cada subfamilia y tribu, utilizando caracteres de larvas y adultos para confirmar su monofilia y las relaciones con otros grupos de Scarabaeoidea.

          Translated abstract

          Melolonthidae Leach, 1819 was defined by Endrödi in 1966 as a cosmopolitan group mainly composed by the subfamilies Melolonthinae, Dynastinae, Rutelinae and Cetoniinae. They are formed by phytophagous or phytosaprophagous taxa, unlike other groups of Scarabaeoidea. Despite being commonly used in Latin America since 1976, it is questioned by many authors of morphological and phylogenetic studies that support the North American classification, formed by the above cited subfamilies and the coprophagous Scarabaeinae and Aphodiinae within Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802. This review aimed to assess the validity of Melolonthidae with modifications. Thus, different classifications used throughout history were gathered as well as analyzes of relationships between different groups of Scarabaeoidea. Taking into account the latest information and with reserve for future studies on comparative morphology and the support of new accurate molecular data, the present work intends to validate the name of the taxon so called Melolonthidae, formed by the clade Dynastinae-Rutelinae-Melolonthinae. It is also suggested to remove Cetoniinae from Melolonthidae and raise it to family category and, by other hand, to test the relationships of Orphninae with the other members of Melolonthidae. Because of the high abundant and diversity taxa, in order to achieve a worldwide taxonomic consensus, phylogenetic analyzes of Melolonthidae with representative samples of all subfamilies and tribus from all over the world are needed using characters of larvae and adults, to confirm their monophyly, and the relationships with other groups of Scarabaeoidea.

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          A comprehensive phylogeny of beetles reveals the evolutionary origins of a superradiation.

          Beetles represent almost one-fourth of all described species, and knowledge about their relationships and evolution adds to our understanding of biodiversity. We performed a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Coleoptera inferred from three genes and nearly 1900 species, representing more than 80% of the world's recognized beetle families. We defined basal relationships in the Polyphaga supergroup, which contains over 300,000 species, and established five families as the earliest branching lineages. By dating the phylogeny, we found that the success of beetles is explained neither by exceptional net diversification rates nor by a predominant role of herbivory and the Cretaceous rise of angiosperms. Instead, the pre-Cretaceous origin of more than 100 present-day lineages suggests that beetle species richness is due to high survival of lineages and sustained diversification in a variety of niches.
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            International Code of Zoological Nornenclature

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              The principles o f classification and a classification of Mammals. By George Gaylord Simpson. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York, vo1. 85, xvi + 350 pp., 1945

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                azm
                Acta zoológica mexicana
                Acta Zool. Mex
                Instituto de Ecología A.C. (Xalapa )
                0065-1737
                2014
                : 30
                : 1
                : 201-220
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Paraná Brasil
                [2 ] Instituto de Ecología, A. C. México
                Article
                S0065-17372014000100015
                10.21829/azm.2014.301139
                e8e750f0-139f-423f-9475-e069d7a44e1f

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Categories
                Zoology

                Animal science & Zoology
                Suprageneric classification,Cetoniinae,Melolonthinae,Rutelinae,Dynastinae,Orphninae,Scarabaeidae,Clasificación supragenérica

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