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      Studies of hypoxemic/reoxygenation injury:

      The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
      Elsevier BV

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          Most cited references27

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          Apparent hydroxyl radical production by peroxynitrite: implications for endothelial injury from nitric oxide and superoxide.

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            Direct evidence that oxygen-derived free radicals contribute to postischemic myocardial dysfunction in the intact dog.

            Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to investigate whether (i) the free radicals produced in the "stunned" myocardium (myocardium with postischemic contractile dysfunction) are derived from O2, (ii) inhibition of radical reactions improves function, and (iii) i.v. spin traps are effective. Open-chest dogs undergoing a 15-min coronary occlusion received an i.v. infusion of the spin trap, alpha-phenyl N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) (50 mg/kg). In group I (n = 6), EPR signals characteristic of radical adducts of PBN appeared in the coronary venous blood during ischemia and increased dramatically after reperfusion. In group II (n = 6), which received PBN and i.v. superoxide dismutase (SOD; 16,000 units/kg) plus catalase (12,000 units/kg), myocardial production of PBN adducts was undetectable during ischemia (delta = -100%, P less than 0.01 vs. group I) and markedly inhibited after reperfusion (delta = -86%, P less than 0.001). This effect was seen at all levels of ischemic zone flow but was relatively greater in the low-flow range. In group III (n = 8), the same dosages of SOD and catalase without PBN markedly enhanced contractile recovery (measured as systolic wall thickening) after reperfusion [P less than 0.01 at 3 hr vs. controls (group IV, n = 7)]. Systemic plasma activity of SOD and catalase averaged 127 +/- 24 and 123 +/- 82 units/ml, respectively, 2 min after reperfusion. PBN produced no apparent adverse effects and actually improved postischemic contractile recovery in group I (P less than 0.05 at 3 hr vs. controls). This study shows that (i) SOD and catalase are highly effective in blocking free radical reactions in vivo, (ii) the radicals generated in the "stunned" myocardium are derived from univalent reduction of O2, and (iii) inhibition of radical reactions improves functional recovery. The results provide direct, in vivo evidence to support the hypothesis that reactive oxygen metabolites play a causal role in the myocardial "stunning" seen after brief ischemia.
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              Abrupt reoxygenation of the anoxic potassium-arrested perfused rat heart: a study of myocardial enzyme release.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
                The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
                Elsevier BV
                00225223
                October 1995
                October 1995
                : 110
                : 4
                : 1164-1170
                Article
                10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70002-1
                e8f188dc-66bc-4f4c-ae12-71bcf94156c9
                © 1995

                http://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

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